Morphology and phenotype of dendritic cells from peripheral blood and their productive and non-productive infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
Morphology and phenotype of dendritic cells from peripheral blood and their productive and non-productive infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
复制标题
外周血树突状细胞的形态和表型及其对人类免疫缺陷病毒 1 型的生产性和非生产性感染。
作者：
S. Patterson;J. Gross;P. Bedford;S. C. Knight
对富含抗原呈递树突状细胞 (DC) 的人外周血单核细胞进行免疫电镜检查，发现两种形态不同的细胞类型，均表达 DR 和 DQ 主要组织相容性复合体 (MHC) II 类抗原，但缺乏 T、B、自然杀伤 (NK) 和单核细胞/巨噬细胞标记。第一种（类型 1）具有不规则的表面，有许多突起，并显示细胞质液泡。第二种（2型）的细胞核颜色较浅，仅显示密集异染色质的薄边缘，大片细胞质缺乏细胞器，液泡较少，细胞边界光滑，突起很少。此外，还观察到一些形态与传入淋巴管（3 型 DC）的被遮盖细胞相似的细胞。观察到形态介于这三种类型之间的细胞，表明它们可能代表隐藏细胞分化途径的阶段。电子显微镜显示，2 型和 3 型 DC 容易受到人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 的生产性感染，而 1 型 DC 不支持病毒生长。通过原位杂交对受感染的 DC 制剂进行检查，发现病毒 DNA 和 RNA 阳性的 DC 数量比单独 RNA 阳性的 DC 数量要多。因此，除了有效感染的DC外，可能还有一些潜伏感染的、含有缺陷病毒基因组或以非常低水平复制病毒的DC。
Immununoelectron microscopy of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells enriched for the presence of antigen-presenting dendritic cells (DC) has revealed two morphologically distinct cell types both expressing DR and DQ major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II antigens but lacking T, B, natural killer (NK) and monocyte/macrophage markers. The first (type 1) has an irregular surface with numerous projections and shows cytoplasmic vacuoles. The second (type 2) has a paler nucleus showing only a thin rim of dense heterochromatin, large expanses of cytoplasm devoid of organelles, fewer vacuoles and a smooth cell boundary with few processes. In addition a few cells with a morphology similar to veiled cells of the afferent lymphatics (type 3 DC) were observed. Cells with a morphology intermediate between these three types were observed, suggesting that they may represent stages of the veiled cell differentiation pathway. Type 2 and 3 DC were shown by electron microscopy to be susceptible to productive infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), whilst type 1 DC did not support virus growth. Examination of infected DC preparations by in situ hybridization revealed a higher number of DC positive for viral DNA and RNA than for RNA alone. Thus, in addition to productively infected DC, there may be some that are latently infected, contain defective virus genome or replicate virus at a very low level.