Do municipal mergers internalise spatial spillover effects? empirical evidence from Japanese municipalities
Do municipal mergers internalise spatial spillover effects? empirical evidence from Japanese municipalities
复制标题
市政合并是否内部化了空间溢出效应？
DOI：
10.1007/s00168-022-01151-9
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Miyaki Miki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Saito Hitoshi;Hirota Haruaki;Yunoue Hideo;Miyaki Miki
本研究通过比较合并发生前后的情况，调查市政合并是否可以内部化空间溢出效应，重点关注日本当地的公共图书馆服务。当地方公共服务的利益扩散到自己的行政区并传播到邻近的行政区时，就会发生空间溢出效应。当市政当局认识到空间溢出效应的存在，决定在分权制度下内部供应多少时，可能会出现市政当局之间的搭便车问题。在这种情况下，空间溢出效应可能会通过市政合并而内部化。日本在2004财年和2005财年进行了大规模的市政合并，市町村数量从3,232个减少到1,820个。通过应用横截面空间计量经济学模型，我们发现合并前后公共图书馆服务的空间溢出效应，但影响较小。结果表明，市政合并可以部分内部化市政当局之间的空间溢出效应。此外，我们还发现市政合并增加了图书馆服务的供应。因此，由于城市的合并，具有空间溢出效应的地方公共产品供给不足的情况可能会减少，从而有助于实现社会最优供给。
This study investigates whether municipal mergers could internalise spatial spillover effects by comparing mergers before and after they occur, focusing on local public library services in Japan. A spatial spillover effect occurs when the benefit of a local public service spreads across its own administrative district and into neighbouring ones. A free-rider problem among municipalities might arise when a municipality decides how much to supply internally under a decentralisation system, recognising the existence of spatial spillover effects. Under such circumstances, spatial spillover effects might be internalised through municipal mergers. In Japan, large-scale municipal mergers took place in FY2004 and FY2005 and the number of municipalities decreased from 3,232 to 1,820. By applying cross-sectional spatial econometrics models, we find spatial spillover effects in public library services both before and after the mergers, but the impact becomes smaller. The results imply that municipal mergers could partially internalise spatial spillover effects among municipalities. Additionally, we showed that municipal mergers increase the supply of library services. As a result, due to the merger of municipalities, the undersupply of local public goods with spatial spillover effect may be decreased, which could help achieve the socially optimal supply.