Genomic adaptations to aquatic and aerial life in mayflies and the origin of insect wings
Genomic adaptations to aquatic and aerial life in mayflies and the origin of insect wings
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DOI：
10.1038/s41467-020-16284-8
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发表时间：
2020-05-26
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Casares, Fernando
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Almudi, Isabel;Vizueta, Joel;Casares, Fernando
有翅昆虫的进化彻底改变了陆地生态系统，并导致了地球上最大的动物辐射。然而，我们仍然有一个不完整的图片的基因组变化，掩盖了这种多样化。蜉蝣，作为所有其他有翼昆虫的姐妹群之一，是理解这种辐射的关键。在这里，我们描述了蜉蝣Cloeon dipterum的基因组和它的基因表达在整个水生和空中的生命周期和特定的器官。我们发现了一个扩展的气味结合蛋白基因，一些专门表达在呼吸鳃的水生生物，这表明一个新的感官作用，这个器官。相反，飞行的成年人使用一个扩大的视蛋白集在性二态的方式，与一些只表达在男性。最后，我们确定了一组翅相关基因在有翅昆虫中高度保守，并发现鳃和翅之间的转录组相似性，表明一个共同的遗传程序。在全球范围内，这项全面的基因组和转录组学研究揭示了蜉蝣和有翅昆虫关键进化适应的遗传基础。对蜉蝣等古翅目昆虫的基因组研究是重建早期昆虫进化的必要手段。在这里，Almudi及其同事展示了蜉蝣Cloeon dipterum的基因组，并使用转录组学来表征其对不同栖息地的适应和昆虫翅膀的起源。
The evolution of winged insects revolutionized terrestrial ecosystems and led to the largest animal radiation on Earth. However, we still have an incomplete picture of the genomic changes that underlay this diversification. Mayflies, as one of the sister groups of all other winged insects, are key to understanding this radiation. Here, we describe the genome of the mayfly Cloeon dipterum and its gene expression throughout its aquatic and aerial life cycle and specific organs. We discover an expansion of odorant-binding-protein genes, some expressed specifically in breathing gills of aquatic nymphs, suggesting a novel sensory role for this organ. In contrast, flying adults use an enlarged opsin set in a sexually dimorphic manner, with some expressed only in males. Finally, we identify a set of wing-associated genes deeply conserved in the pterygote insects and find transcriptomic similarities between gills and wings, suggesting a common genetic program. Globally, this comprehensive genomic and transcriptomic study uncovers the genetic basis of key evolutionary adaptations in mayflies and winged insects. Genomic studies of paleopteran insects, such as mayflies, are needed to reconstruct early insect evolution. Here, Almudi and colleagues present the genome of the mayfly Cloeon dipterum and use transcriptomics to characterize its adaptations to distinct habitats and the origin of insect wings.