Meal timing affects glucose tolerance, substrate oxidation and circadian-related variables: A randomized, crossover trial
Meal timing affects glucose tolerance, substrate oxidation and circadian-related variables: A randomized, crossover trial
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DOI：
10.1038/ijo.2014.182
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发表时间：
2015-05-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Garaulet, M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bandin, C.;Scheer, F. A. J. L.;Garaulet, M.
背景/目的：进食时机与体重调节、胰岛素敏感性和糖耐量有关。然而，其机制尚不清楚。方法：32名女性(年龄24+/-4岁，体重指数22.9+/-2.6 kg m(-2))完成两个随机交叉方案：一个方案(P1)，包括评估静息能量消耗(间接量热法)和糖耐量(混合餐试验)(n=10)；另一组(P2)包括基于唾液皮质醇和手腕温度(T腕)的昼夜节律测量(n=22)。在每个方案中，参与者在两个膳食干预周期间被提供标准膳食(早餐、午餐和晚餐)，并在两种午餐进食条件下进行研究：早吃(EE；午餐13：00)和晚吃(LE；午餐16：30)。结果：与EE相比，LE导致餐前静息能量消耗减少(P=0.048)，餐前蛋白质校正呼吸商(CRQ)降低，餐后CRQ改变(P=0.019)。这些变化反映了LE组与EE组餐前碳水化合物利用率显著低于EE组(P=0.006)。LE还使基线以上的曲线下面积增加46%，表现为糖耐量降低(P=0.002)。皮质醇和T腕的每日分布也发生了变化，LE使皮质醇的日分布变钝，上午和下午的值较低，并抑制了餐后T腕的峰值(P<；0.05)。结论：进食晚与静息能量消耗减少，空腹碳水化合物氧化减少，糖耐量降低，游离皮质醇浓度的日分布变钝，食物对T腕的热效应降低有关。这些结果可能与进餐时间对代谢健康的不同影响有关。
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Timing of food intake associates with body weight regulation, insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance. However, the mechanism is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of changes in meal timing on energy-expenditure, glucose-tolerance and circadian-related variables.SUBJECTS/METHODS: Thirty-two women (aged 24 +/- 4 years and body mass index 22.9 +/- 2.6 kg m(-2)) completed two randomized, crossover protocols: one protocol (P1) including assessment of resting-energy expenditure (indirect-calorimetry) and glucose tolerance (mixed-meal test) (n = 10), the other (P2) including circadian-related measurements based on profiles in salivary cortisol and wrist temperature (T-wrist) (n = 22). In each protocol, participants were provided with standardized meals (breakfast, lunch and dinner) during the two meal intervention weeks and were studied under two lunch-eating conditions: Early Eating (EE; lunch at 13:00) and Late Eating (LE; lunch 16:30).RESULTS: LE, as compared with EE, resulted in decreased pre-meal resting-energy expenditure (P = 0.048), a lower pre-meal protein-corrected respiratory quotient (CRQ) and a changed post-meal profile of CRQ (P = 0.019). These changes reflected a significantly lower pre-meal utilization of carbohydrates in LE versus EE (P = 0.006). LE also increased glucose area under curve above baseline by 46%, demonstrating decreased glucose tolerance (P = 0.002). Changes in the daily profile of cortisol and T-wrist were also found with LE blunting the cortisol profile, with lower morning and afternoon values, and suppressing the postprandial T-wrist peak (P < 0.05).CONCLUSIONS: Eating late is associated with decreased resting-energy expenditure, decreased fasting carbohydrate oxidation, decreased glucose tolerance, blunted daily profile in free cortisol concentrations and decreased thermal effect of food on T-wrist. These results may be implicated in the differential effects of meal timing on metabolic health.