Coming to grips with a changing class structure - An analysis of employment stratification in Britain, Germany, Sweden and Switzerland
Coming to grips with a changing class structure - An analysis of employment stratification in Britain, Germany, Sweden and Switzerland
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DOI：
10.1177/0268580906061379
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发表时间：
2006-03-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Oesch, D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Oesch, D
在过去的30年里，服务部门的增长、福利国家的扩张和女性参与率的上升等趋势促进了职业系统内日益严重的异质性。因此，本文认为必须重新绘制阶层地图，才能把握就业结构的这些变化。为此，它开发了一种新的班级图式的基础，该图式部分地将重点从等级划分转移到水平分裂。中产阶级没有被概念化为一个单一的群体，手动/非手动的划分也不被用作决定性的阶级边界。相反，重点放在适销对路的技能和工作逻辑上的差异。预计该方案将更准确地反映非熟练服务业员工的阶级位置，并使受薪中产阶级内部的政治分歧变得明显。这一预期得到了来自英国、德国、瑞典和瑞士的调查数据的实证检验。对收入和晋升前景的调查结果表明，该模式成功地捕捉到了班级结构中的层级维度。此外，关于政党支持和工会成员的结果表明，这一模式抓住了管理者和社会文化专业人士之间的显著水平裂痕。
Over the last 30 years, trends such as service sector growth, welfare state expansion and rising female participation rates have promoted increasing heterogeneity within the occupational system. Accordingly, this article argues that the class map has to be redrawn in order to grasp these changes in the employment structure. For that purpose, it develops the bases of a new class schema that partly shifts its focus from hierarchical divisions to horizontal cleavages. The middle class is not conceptualized as a unitary grouping and the manual/non-manual divide is not used as a decisive class boundary. Instead, emphasis is put on differences in marketable skills and the work logic. The schema is expected to more accurately reflect the class location of unskilled service employees and to make visible the political divide within the salaried middle class. This expectation is empirically examined with survey data from Britain, Germany, Sweden and Switzerland. Findings for earnings and promotion prospects indicate that the schema successfully captures the hierarchical dimension in the class structure. Moreover, results for party support and union membership suggest that the schema grasps a salient horizontal cleavage between managers and sociocultural professionals.