Alcohol Consumption by Women Before and During Pregnancy
Alcohol Consumption by Women Before and During Pregnancy
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DOI：
10.1007/s10995-008-0328-2
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发表时间：
2009-03-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Romitti, Paul A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ethen, Mary K.;Ramadhani, Tunu A.;Romitti, Paul A.
目的确定美国怀孕前和怀孕期间饮酒的流行程度、模式和预测因素。方法通过计算机辅助电话访谈获得与酒精有关的、与妊娠有关的和人口统计学的数据，这些数据来自1997-2002年国家出生缺陷预防研究中随机选择的4,088名对照母亲，这些母亲在1997-2002年期间分娩了没有出生缺陷的活产婴儿。计算酒精消费量、粗比值比和校正比值比（OR）。结果30.3%的妇女报告在怀孕期间饮酒，其中8.3%报告酗酒（一次4杯以上）。饮酒率在怀孕第一个月后大幅下降，22.5%的妇女报告饮酒，尽管2.7%的妇女报告在怀孕的所有三个月饮酒，7.9%的妇女报告在怀孕的最后三个月饮酒。孕前酗酒是怀孕期间饮酒（调整OR = 8.52, 95% CI = 6.67-10.88）和怀孕期间酗酒（调整OR = 36.02, 95% CI = 24.63-52.69）的强预测因子。与怀孕期间饮酒和酗酒相关的其他特征是非西班牙裔白人种族/民族、怀孕期间吸烟和意外怀孕。我们的研究表明，怀孕期间饮酒相当普遍，是调查前一个月仅询问饮酒情况的调查报告的三倍。怀孕前酗酒的女性在怀孕后酗酒的风险特别大。应建议饮酒的性活跃育龄妇女采用可靠的方法预防怀孕，计划怀孕，并在怀孕前停止饮酒。
Objectives To determine the prevalence, patterns, and predictors of alcohol consumption prior to and during various intervals of pregnancy in the U.S. Methods Alcohol-related, pregnancy-related, and demographic data were derived from computer-assisted telephone interviews with 4,088 randomly selected control mothers from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study who delivered live born infants without birth defects during 1997-2002. Alcohol consumption rates and crude and adjusted odds ratios (OR) were calculated. Results 30.3% of all women reported drinking alcohol at some time during pregnancy, of which 8.3% reported binge drinking (4+ drinks on one occasion). Drinking rates declined considerably after the first month of pregnancy, during which 22.5% of women reported drinking, although 2.7% of women reported drinking during all trimesters of pregnancy and 7.9% reported drinking during the 3rd trimester. Pre-pregnancy binge drinking was a strong predictor of both drinking during pregnancy (adjusted OR = 8.52, 95% CI = 6.67-10.88) and binge drinking during pregnancy (adjusted OR = 36.02, 95% CI = 24.63-52.69). Other characteristics associated with both any drinking and binge drinking during pregnancy were non-Hispanic white race/ethnicity, cigarette smoking during pregnancy, and having an unintended pregnancy. Conclusions Our study revealed that drinking during pregnancy is fairly common, three times the levels reported in surveys that ask only about drinking during the month before the survey. Women who binge drink before pregnancy are at particular risk for drinking after becoming pregnant. Sexually active women of childbearing ages who drink alcohol should be advised to use reliable methods to prevent pregnancy, plan their pregnancies, and stop drinking before becoming pregnant.