Ecogenomics of cleistogamous and chasmogamous flowering:: genome-wide gene expression patterns from cross-species microarray analysis in Cardamine kokaiensis (Brassicaceae)
Ecogenomics of cleistogamous and chasmogamous flowering:: genome-wide gene expression patterns from cross-species microarray analysis in Cardamine kokaiensis (Brassicaceae)
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2745.2008.01392.x
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发表时间：
2008-09-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Fukuda, Hiroo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Morinaga, Shin-ichi;Nagano, Atsushi J.;Fukuda, Hiroo
1.闭花受精是一种在大约300种开花植物中发现的交配系统。闭花受精植物产生需要专性自花授粉的闭合（闭花受精，CL）花和允许异花授粉的开放（裂殖受精，CH）花。CL和CH花是由各种环境因素诱导的，这似乎是在不可预测的环境中的一种适应性交配策略.我们研究了与模式开花植物拟南芥（Arabidopsis thaliana）密切相关的香开碎米荠（Cardamine kokaiensis）的CL和CH开花的分子基础。CL和CH开花应受基因表达的调控，这是依赖于环境条件。通过阐明CL和CH开花的分子基础，我们可以确定参与从CH到CL开花的过渡的基因调控网络的变化。这些结果有助于阐明闭花受精的分子进化机制.我们调控了C. kokaiensis在生长室中使用冷冻处理。在不冷却的对照处理中，C. kokaiensis产生CH和中间（INT）花。幼苗长时间低温导致INT花的形成，而种子长时间低温诱导CL花的形成。低温处理的种子，以及较小程度上的幼苗，诱导开花早，开花时植株体积小。我们还进行了一个跨物种的微阵列分析，比较基因表达模式之间的CL和CH花使用基因组DNA为基础的探针选择策略在一个A。拟南芥微阵列。结果表明，69个基因在CL花和CH花中差异表达，其中包括与花发育、生长素、开花时间、冷胁迫和干旱胁迫相关的基因.合成.这是首次报道闭花受精的分子基础。我们推测，冷反应和花发育的遗传网络之间的相互作用在闭花受精的进化中起着重要的作用。海桐。我们的研究结果有助于澄清植物交配系统的进化依赖于环境条件的分子基础。
1. Cleistogamy is a mating system found in approximately 300 species of flowering plants. Cleistogamous plants produce closed (cleistogamous, CL) flowers that require obligate self-pollination and open (chasmogamous, CH) flowers that allow for outcross-pollination. CL and CH flowers are induced by various environmental factors; this appears to be an adaptive mating strategy in unpredictable environments.2. We examined the molecular basis of CL and CH flowering in Cardamine kokaiensis, which is closely related to the model flowering plant Arabidopsis thaliana. CL and CH flowering should be regulated by gene expression that is dependent on environmental conditions. By elucidating the molecular basis of CL and CH flowering, we can determine the changes in gene regulatory networks involved in the transition from CH to CL flowering. Furthermore, these results may help clarify the molecular evolutionary mechanisms leading to cleistogamy.3. We regulated CL and CH flowering of C. kokaiensis using chilling treatments in a growth chamber. In a control treatment without chilling, C. kokaiensis produced CH and intermediate (INT) flowers. Long chilling of seedlings led to INT flowers, while long chilling of seeds induced the formation of CL flowers. Chilling seeds, and to a lesser extent of seedlings, induced early flowering and small plant size at flowering.4. We also conducted a cross-species microarray analysis to compare gene expression patterns between CL and CH flowers using genomic DNA-based probe-selection strategy in an A. thaliana microarray. In this result, 69 genes, including genes related to floral development, auxin, flowering time, cold-stress, and drought-stress, were differentially expressed between CL and CH flowers.5. Synthesis. This is the first report on the molecular basis of cleistogamy. We hypothesize that the interaction between the genetic network of the chilling response and that of floral development has been important in the evolution of cleistogamy in C. kokaiensis. Our results help to clarify the molecular basis for the evolution of plant mating systems that depend on environmental conditions.