Pollutants and Insecticides Drive Local Adaptation in African Malaria Mosquitoes.
Pollutants and Insecticides Drive Local Adaptation in African Malaria Mosquitoes.
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DOI：
10.1093/molbev/msx087
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发表时间：
2017-05-01
影响因子：
10.7
通讯作者：
White BJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kamdem C;Fouet C;Gamez S;White BJ
冈比亚按蚊群包含许多高度嗜人性的蚊子物种，这些蚊子具有在复杂的人类栖息地中繁衍生息的特殊能力。因此，研究这种非洲热带蚊子的进化史可能会提供有关适应人类主导环境期间发生的选择性过程的重要信息。我们对喀麦隆四个生态地理区域收集的 941 只冈比亚按蚊复合体蚊子进行了简化代表性测序。我们在 An 中找到了遗传和地理细分的证据。 coluzzii 和 An.冈比亚严格意义上的疟疾——该地区两个最重要的疟疾病媒。重要的是，在这两个物种中，农村和城市人口都存在遗传差异。基因组扫描揭示了以参与外源性抗性的基因为中心的普遍选择特征。值得注意的是，含有解毒酶的选择性清除在利用受污染的繁殖地的城市蚊子中很突出。总体而言，我们的研究表明，最近的人为环境改变和杀虫剂的广泛使用正在推动媒介的种群分化和局部适应，对疟疾流行病学可能产生重大影响。
The Anopheles gambiae complex contains a number of highly anthropophilic mosquito species that have acquired exceptional ability to thrive in complex human habitats. Thus, examining the evolutionary history of this Afrotropical mosquito may yield vital information on the selective processes that occurred during the adaptation to human-dominated environments. We performed reduced representation sequencing on 941 mosquitoes of the Anopheles gambiae complex collected across four ecogeographic zones in Cameroon. We find evidence for genetic and geographic subdivision within An. coluzzii and An. gambiae sensu stricto—the two most significant malaria vectors in the region. Importantly, in both species, rural and urban populations are genetically differentiated. Genome scans reveal pervasive signatures of selection centered on genes involved in xenobiotic resistance. Notably, a selective sweep containing detoxification enzymes is prominent in urban mosquitoes that exploit polluted breeding sites. Overall, our study suggests that recent anthropogenic environmental modifications and widespread use of insecticides are driving population differentiation and local adaptation in vectors with potentially significant consequences for malaria epidemiology.