Alcohol abuse and Streptococcus pneumoniae infections: consideration of virulence factors and impaired immune responses
Alcohol abuse and Streptococcus pneumoniae infections: consideration of virulence factors and impaired immune responses
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DOI：
10.1016/j.alcohol.2011.02.305
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发表时间：
2011-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Nanduri, Bindu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bhatty, Minny;Pruett, Stephen B.;Nanduri, Bindu
酒精是世界上最常被滥用的物质。急性和慢性饮酒对人体免疫系统有各种各样的影响，导致对细菌性肺炎等感染的易感性增加。肺炎链球菌是世界范围内社区获得性肺炎最常见的细菌病原体。有酗酒史的人肺炎球菌感染的频率和严重程度远远高于一般人群。尽管这种明显的流行病学相关性，很少有实验研究集中在急性或慢性暴露于酒精的宿主的免疫系统与肺炎球菌的相互作用。了解这些宿主-病原体相互作用对于为这些人群设计有效的预防和治疗干预措施至关重要。肺炎球菌研究的最新进展极大地提高了我们对肺炎球菌致病机制和毒力机制的认识。此外，关于酒精对肺部生理学以及宿主的先天性和适应性免疫系统的影响，有大量的数据可供使用。本综述的目的是整合这些不同领域的现有知识，以更好地了解酒精暴露导致的免疫系统受损对肺炎球菌感染的反应。(C)2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Alcohol is the most frequently abused substance in the world. Both acute and chronic alcohol consumption have diverse and well-documented effects on the human immune system, leading to increased susceptibility to infections like bacterial pneumonia. Streptococcus pneumonine is the most common bacterial etiology of community-acquired pneumonia worldwide. The frequency and severity of pneumococcal infections in individuals with a history of alcohol abuse is much higher than the general population. Despite this obvious epidemiological relevance, very few experimental studies have focused on the interaction of pneumococci with the immune system of a host acutely or chronically exposed to alcohol. Understanding these host-pathogen interactions is imperative for designing effective prophylactic and therapeutic interventions for such populations. Recent advances in pneumococcal research have greatly improved our understanding of pneumococcal pathogenesis and virulence mechanisms. Additionally, a large body of data is available on the effect of alcohol on the physiology of the lungs and the innate and adaptive immune system of the host. The purpose of this review is to integrate the available knowledge in these diverse areas of for a better understanding of the how the compromised immune system derived from alcohol exposure responds to pneumococcal infections. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.