Reasoning on the Basis of Fantasy Content: Two Studies with High-Functioning Autistic Adolescents
Reasoning on the Basis of Fantasy Content: Two Studies with High-Functioning Autistic Adolescents
复制标题
基于幻想内容的推理：两项针对高功能自闭症青少年的研究
DOI：
10.1007/s10803-012-1477-0
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
S. Handley
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kinga Morsanyi;S. Handley
对具有经验错误内容的问题进行推理可能很困难，因为人们得出的推论受到他们背景知识的严重影响。然而，在幻想的背景下提出经验上错误的前提有助于儿童和青少年忽视他们的信仰，并在前提的基础上进行推理。本实验的目的是，如果高功能的自闭症青少年能够利用幻想的情况下，在相同的程度上，典型的发展中国家的青少年时，他们的原因经验错误的前提。研究结果表明，自闭症患者假装的问题一直持续到青春期，这阻碍了自闭症患者在经验知识无关紧要时无视自己信念的能力。
Reasoning about problems with empirically false content can be hard, as the inferences that people draw are heavily influenced by their background knowledge. However, presenting empirically false premises in a fantasy context helps children and adolescents to disregard their beliefs, and to reason on the basis of the premises. The aim of the present experiments was to see if high-functioning adolescents with autism are able to utilize fantasy context to the same extent as typically developing adolescents when they reason about empirically false premises. The results indicate that problems with engaging in pretence in autism persist into adolescence, and this hinders the ability of autistic individuals to disregard their beliefs when empirical knowledge is irrelevant.