CLONING AND EXPRESSION OF MELANIN-CONCENTRATING HORMONE GENES IN THE RAINBOW-TROUT BRAIN
CLONING AND EXPRESSION OF MELANIN-CONCENTRATING HORMONE GENES IN THE RAINBOW-TROUT BRAIN
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DOI：
10.1159/000126814
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发表时间：
1995-01-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
LIGHTMAN, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
BAKER, B;LEVY, A;LIGHTMAN, S
鲑科鱼类是一组四倍体鱼类，包括鲑鱼和鳟鱼，在结节外侧核（NLT）的一组MCH神经元下丘脑大细胞神经元中产生脊椎动物神经肽黑色素浓缩激素（MCH）。下丘脑NLT神经元投射到脑和垂体虹鳟腺的神经叶，MCH从那里释放到循环中，在伪装（+/-应激）中发挥核心作用。本研究克隆了虹鳟鱼MCH 1和MCH 2基因，并对其进行了序列测定，首次对O. mykiss在鲑科鱼类胚胎发育中的作用，其次是使中枢神经系统MCH 1和MCH 2基因表达能够被定位。在未成熟的成年雌性鳟鱼脑中，只有MCH 2在所使用的杂交严格性下是可检测的。除了已知的MCH阳性神经元的位置，免疫细胞化学和原位杂交组织化学显示，以前未描述的MCH阳性神经元的核位于更多的背侧和后方的NLT，在侧脑室隐窝的室旁器官。来自第二组MCH神经元的轴突从背侧投射到大脑中，而少数向下延伸到靠近室旁器官的侧脑室。它们很少（如果有的话）与神经垂体直接接触，因此可能有助于一种与激素颜色调节无关的中枢功能。
Salmonids, group of tetraploid fish including salmon and trout, produce the vertebrate neuropeptide melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) in a group of MCH neurons hypothalamic magnocellular neurons in the nucleus lateralis tuberis (NLT). Hypothalamus NLT neurons project both to the brain and to the neural lobe of the pituitary Oncorhynchus gland from where MCH is released into the circulation to play a central role in camouflage(+/- stress). We have cloned and sequenced the MCH1 and MCH2 genes from the rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, and used the data firstly to examine the position of O. mykiss in salmonid phylogeny, and secondly to enable central nervous system MCH1 and MCH2 gene expression to be mapped. In the immature adult female trout brain, only MCH2 was detectable at the hybridization stringency used. In addition to the known location of MCH-positive neurons, immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization histochemistry revealed a previously undescribed nucleus of MCH-positive neurons located more dorsal and posterior to those of the NLT, over the paraventricular organ of the lateral ventricular recess. Axons from this second group of MCH neurons project dorsally into the brain, while a few extend down toward the lateral ventricle near the paraventricular organ. They make little, if any, direct contact with the neurohypophysis, and thus may subserve a central function, unrelated to hormonal colour regulation.