Acute ethanol administration and acute allopregnanolone administration impair spatial memory in the Morris water task
Acute ethanol administration and acute allopregnanolone administration impair spatial memory in the Morris water task
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DOI：
10.1097/01.alc.0000037219.79257.17
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发表时间：
2002-11-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
McDaniel, JR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Matthews, DB;Morrow, AL;McDaniel, JR
背景：急性酒精摄入会降低许多学习和记忆任务的表现，包括依赖空间信息的任务。空间学习和记忆的一项常见测试是莫里斯水任务，这项任务要求受试者学习位于浑浊水池中的水下逃生平台的空间位置。然而，尽管一些研究报道急性酒精摄入会降低Morris任务中的空间记忆表现，但其他研究报告没有显著的表现损害。急性乙醇处理还可使大鼠脑内内源性神经活性类固醇3α-羟基-5α-孕酮-20-酮(别孕酮)的浓度呈剂量和时间依赖性增加。鉴于乙醇和别孕酮都是γ-氨基丁酸A型受体调节剂，这两种药物在空间学习和记忆方面应该会产生相似的降解。方法：成年雄性大鼠接受空间版和非空间版Morris水任务的训练。在4天的训练后，分别在乙醇(1.0、1.5或2.0 g/kg)和别孕酮(12.5、17.0或20.0 mg/kg)挑战后评估受试者的空间或非空间记忆表现。结果：在Morris水任务中，急性给予乙醇和急性给予别孕酮均以剂量依赖的方式损害空间记忆能力。结论：急性给予乙醇和急性给予别孕酮会损害Morris水任务的空间记忆能力，但不会损害非空间记忆能力。这些结果表明，乙醇和别孕酮都会产生选择性认知障碍，而不是由于一般感觉或运动障碍。
Background: Acute ethanol administration degrades performance on many learning and memory tasks, including tasks that are dependent on spatial information. One common test of spatial learning and memory is the Morris water task, a task that requires subjects to learn the spatial location of a submerged escape platform located in a pool of cloudy water. However, although some studies report that acute ethanol administration degrades spatial memory performance in the Morris task, other studies report no significant performance impairment. Acute ethanol administration also produces a dose- and time-dependent increase in the concentration of the endogenous neuroactive steroid 3alpha-hydroxy-5alpha-pregnan-20-one (allopregnanolone) in rat brain. Given that ethanol and allopregnanolone are both gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor modulators, both drugs should produce similar degradations in spatial learning and memory.Methods: Adult mate rats were trained with either the spatial version or the nonspatial version of the Morris water task. After 4 days of training, the spatial or nonspatial memory performance of subjects was assessed after either an ethanol (1.0, 1.5, or 2.0 g/kg) or allopregnanolone (12.5, 17.0, or 20.0 mg/kg) challenge.Results: Acute ethanol administration and acute allopregnanolone administration impaired spatial memory performance in a dose-dependent manner in the Morris water task. In addition, the impairment was selective in that neither acute ethanol nor acute allopregnanolone administration impaired nonspatial memory performance in the Morris water task.Conclusions: Acute ethanol administration and acute allopregnanolone administration impaired spatial memory performance but did not impair nonspatial memory performance in the Morris water task. These results demonstrate that both ethanol and allopregnanolone produce selective cognitive deficits that are not due to general sensory or motor deficits.