Role of olfactory appendages in chemically mediated orientation of blue crabs
Role of olfactory appendages in chemically mediated orientation of blue crabs
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DOI：
10.3354/meps261217
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发表时间：
2003-01-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Weissburg, MJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Keller, TA;Powell, I;Weissburg, MJ
底栖甲壳类动物，如蓝蟹（Callinectes sapidus），使用各种感觉附属物来导航化学羽状物。我们通过去除（即去除或使其失活）特定的传感器种群，并通过量化气味羽流结构和流动动力学，表征了蓝蟹在嗅觉搜索过程中不同感觉结构的作用。我们的研究结果表明，蓝蟹使用头肢和胸肢来进行嗅觉介导的定向。头侧化学传感器失传降低了搜索成功率，降低了行走速度，增加了静止时间。所有这些缺陷都是螃蟹无法维持上游进程的表现。胸部感受器脱神经的螃蟹不能正确地追踪变窄的羽流，并且显示出较大的航向修正频率增加。在搜索过程中，头侧感受器明显起着推动上游运动的作用，而胸侧感受器则有助于源定位。这两组附属物的不同功能作用可能与影响其化学传感器种群的不同信号特征有关。头部附属物接收到的断断续续但强烈的信号可能使螃蟹能够识别有吸引力的气味并维持搜寻。撞击在腿上的化学信号更加均匀，这可能使螃蟹能够获得对导航很重要的化学信号结构的空间模式的更好信息。在羽流的不同高度同时使用化学信号表明，这些羽流的三维结构对觅食成功很重要，并且在特定的信号环境中，不同数量的神经受体可能被调整为最佳操作。
Benthic crustaceans such as the blue crab Callinectes sapidus use various sensory appendages to navigate chemical plumes. We characterized the role of different sensory structures in blue crabs during olfactory search by deafferenting (i.e. removing or rendering inactive) particular sensor populations and by quantifying odor-plume structure and flow dynamics. Our results indicate that blue crabs use both cephalic and thoracic appendages for olfactory-mediated orientation. Cephalic chemosensor deafferentation decreased search success, reduced walking speed and increased the duration of stationary periods. All these deficiencies are manifestations of the inability of crabs to sustain upstream progress. Crabs subjected to deafferentation of thoracic sensilla failed to correctly track the narrowing plume and showed an increased frequency of large course-corrections. Whereas cephalic sensors clearly function in motivating upstream movement during the search process, thoracic receptors aid in source localization. The differing functional roles of these 2 sets of appendages may be associated with different signal characteristics impinging on their chemosensor populations. Intermittent but intense signals received by the cephalic appendages may enable the crabs to identify attractive odors and sustain searching. Chemical signals impinging on legs are more homogeneous and may allow the crabs to acquire better information on the spatial patterns of chemical signal structure that are important for navigation. The simultaneous use of chemical signals at differing heights in the plume suggest that the 3D structure of these plumes is important for foraging success, and that different populations of neural receptors may be tuned to operate optimally in particular signal environments.