Anomalous Formation of Irradiation-Induced Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers in 5 nm-Sized Detonation Nanodiamonds

Anomalous Formation of Irradiation-Induced Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers in 5 nm-Sized Detonation Nanodiamonds
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5 nm 尺寸爆炸纳米金刚石中辐照诱导氮空位中心的异常形成

DOI:
10.1021/acs.jpcc.1c10466
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
The Journal of Physical Chemistry C
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Segawa Takuya F.
Segawa Takuya F.
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
So Frederick T.-K.;Shames Alexander I.;Terada Daiki;Genjo Takuya;Morishita Hiroki;Ohki Izuru;Ohshima Takeshi;Onoda Shinobu;Takashima Hideaki;Takeuchi Shigeki;Mizuochi Norikazu;Igarashi Ryuji;Shirakawa Masahiro;Segawa Takuya F.

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含有带负电的氮空位 (NV–) 中心的纳米金刚石是不断发展的研究领域中的多功能室温量子传感器。然而,关于非常小的颗粒中 NV 形成机制的知识仍然有限。这项研究的重点是最小的含 NV 钻石,即 5 nm 爆炸纳米钻石 (DND) 的形成。作为量化纳米金刚石中 NV 中心的可靠方法,记录了电子顺磁共振 (EPR) 光谱中的半场信号。通过将 NV 浓度与一系列高压高温 (HPHT) 合成纳米金刚石(10-100 nm)进行比较,结果表明 5 nm DND 的形成过程在几个方面都是独特的。 DND 中的 NV 中心在电子辐照阶段就已经形成,不需要高温退火,这种效应与非常小的粒径有关。此外,5 nm DND 中的 NV 浓度(以原子比计)超过了 20 nm 尺寸的纳米金刚石,这与 NV 浓度通常随颗粒尺寸增加而增加的观察结果相矛盾。这可以通过所研究的 DND ([NS≈ 1000 ppm]) 中取代氮原子的浓度比 HPHT 纳米金刚石 ([NS≈ 100 ppm]) 高 10 倍来解释。在能量密度为 1.5 × 1019e–/cm2 的电子照射下,DND 的 NV 浓度增加了 12.5 倍,并且没有饱和的迹象,大约 80 个含有 NV 中心的 DND 中有 1 个达到饱和。这些发现对于在 NV 纳米金刚石之外的其他非常小的半导体纳米颗粒中产生缺陷作为量子传感器可能很有意义。
Nanodiamonds containing negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy (NV–) centers are versatile room-temperature quantum sensors in a growing field of research. Yet, knowledge regarding the NV–formation mechanism in very small particles is still limited. This study focuses on the formation of the smallest NV–-containing diamonds, 5 nm detonation nanodiamonds (DNDs). As a reliable method to quantify NV–centers in nanodiamonds, half-field signals in electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy are recorded. By comparing the NV–concentration with a series of nanodiamonds from high-pressure high-temperature (HPHT) synthesis (10–100 nm), it is shown that the formation process in 5 nm DNDs is unique in several aspects. NV–centers in DNDs are already formed at the stage of electron irradiation, without the need for high-temperature annealing, an effect related to the very small particle size. Also, the NV–concentration (in atomic ratio) in 5 nm DNDs surpasses that of 20 nm-sized nanodiamonds, which contradicts the observation that the NV–concentration generally increases with particle size. This can be explained by the 10 times higher concentration of substitutional nitrogen atoms in the studied DNDs ([NS≈ 1000 ppm]) compared to the HPHT nanodiamonds ([NS≈ 100 ppm]). Upon electron irradiation at a fluence of 1.5 × 1019e–/cm2, DNDs show a 12.5-fold increment in the NV–concentration with no sign of saturation reaching 1 out of about 80 DNDs containing an NV–center. These findings can be of interest for the creation of defects in other very small semiconductor nanoparticles beyond NV-nanodiamonds as quantum sensors.
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