Dust attenuation, dust emission, and dust temperature in galaxies at z ≥ 5: a view from the FIRE-2 simulations

Dust attenuation, dust emission, and dust temperature in galaxies at z ≥ 5: a view from the FIRE-2 simulations
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z ≤ 5 处星系中的尘埃衰减、尘埃排放和尘埃温度:来自 FIRE-2 模拟的视图

DOI:
10.1093/mnras/stz1324
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发表时间:
2019
影响因子:
4.8
通讯作者:
Kereš, Dušan
Kereš, Dušan
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ma, Xiangcheng;Hayward, Christopher C;Casey, Caitlin M;Hopkins, Philip F;Quataert, Eliot;Liang, Lichen;Faucher-Giguère, Claude-André;Feldmann, Robert;Kereš, Dušan

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我们提出了一套34个高分辨率的宇宙学放大模拟,包括数千个晕()atz≥ 5的反馈在现实环境中的项目。我们后处理我们的模拟与三维Monte Carlo尘埃辐射传输代码,研究这些模拟z ≥ 5星系内的尘埃衰减,尘埃排放和尘埃温度。我们的样本形成了红外过量(IRX FIR/FUV)和紫外(UV)-连续斜率(βUV)之间的紧密相关性,尽管我们的模拟中显示了斑块状的尘埃几何形状。发现IRX-β UV关系主要由衰减规律的形状决定,与其归一化(由尘气比设定)无关。红外辐射热光度(LIR)与过去1000万年来的本征紫外光度和星星形成率(SFR)相关。我们预测,在给定的LIR下,z ≥ 5的星系的尘埃光谱能量分布的峰值波长比atz= 0的小2倍(由于平均尘埃温度较高)。更高的尘埃温度是由更高的比SFR和SFR表面密度随着红移的增加而驱动的。我们推导出银河系紫外光度函数(UVLF)atz= 5-10从我们的模拟,并确认,需要一个沉重的衰减再现所观察到的亮端UVLF。我们还预测了红外光度函数和紫外光度密度在z = 5-10。我们讨论了我们的结果对当前和未来观测探测尘埃衰减和发射在z ≥ 5星系的影响。
We present a suite of 34 high-resolution cosmological zoom-in simulations consisting of thousands of haloes up to() atz≥ 5 from the Feedback in Realistic Environments project. We post-process our simulations with a three-dimensional Monte Carlo dust radiative transfer code to study dust attenuation, dust emission, and dust temperature within these simulatedz≥ 5 galaxies. Our sample forms a tight correlation between infrared excess (IRX ≡FIR/FUV) and ultraviolet (UV)-continuum slope (βUV), despite the patchy, clumpy dust geometry shown in our simulations. We find that the IRX–βUVrelation is mainly determined by the shape of the attenuation law and is independent of its normalization (set by the dust-to-gas ratio). The bolometric IR luminosity (LIR) correlates with theintrinsicUV luminosity and the star formation rate (SFR) averaged over the past 10 Myr. We predict that at a givenLIR, the peak wavelength of the dust spectral energy distributions forz≥ 5 galaxies is smaller by a factor of 2 (due to higher dust temperatures on average) than atz= 0. The higher dust temperatures are driven by higher specific SFRs and SFR surface densities with increasing redshift. We derive the galaxy UV luminosity functions (UVLFs) atz= 5–10 from our simulations and confirm that a heavy attenuation is required to reproduce the observed bright-end UVLFs. We also predict the IR luminosity functions (IRLFs) and UV luminosity densities atz= 5–10. We discuss the implications of our results on current and future observations probing dust attenuation and emission inz≥ 5 galaxies.
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