Neighborhood environment and loss of physical function in older adults: Evidence from the Alameda County Study
Neighborhood environment and loss of physical function in older adults: Evidence from the Alameda County Study
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DOI：
10.1093/aje/155.6.507
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发表时间：
2002-03-15
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Kaplan, GA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Balfour, JL;Kaplan, GA
研究表明，邻里环境可能会影响老年人的功能健康。本研究探讨邻里问题与整体和下肢功能丧失发生率之间的关系。在阿拉米达县的研究中，共有883名年龄在55岁以上、功能健康的参与者在1994年和1995年接受了询问，作为正在进行的队列研究的一部分。参与者评估了六个社区问题的严重程度：交通，噪音，犯罪，垃圾和垃圾，照明和公共交通。17%的人报告了多个邻里问题。功能丧失通过自我报告身体任务的严重困难来衡量（例如，爬楼梯，举起10磅（4.54公斤））。1年后，6.1%的患者出现整体功能丧失，3.9%的患者出现下肢功能丧失。回归模型调整人口统计学，社会经济，健康和行为风险因素。与那些报告无问题的社区相比，那些报告有多个问题的社区的整体功能丧失（比值比= 2.23，95%置信区间：1.08，4.60）和下肢功能丧失（比值比= 3.12，95%置信区间：1.15，8.51）的风险增加。与风险增加最大相关的社区问题是过度噪音，照明不足和交通拥挤。与生活在较好社区的老年人相比，报告有问题的社区环境的老年人在1年内功能恶化的风险更大。
Research suggests that neighborhood environment may influence functional health at an older age. This study examined the association between neighborhood problems and incidence of overall and lower-extremity functional loss. A total of 883 participants in the Alameda County Study who were aged 55 years and older and functionally healthy were questioned in 1994 and 1995 as part of an ongoing cohort study. Participants rated the severity of six neighborhood problems: traffic, noise, crime, trash and litter, lighting, and public transportation. Seventeen percent reported multiple neighborhood problems. Functional loss was measured by self-report of severe difficulty with physical tasks (e.g., climbing stairs, lifting 10 pounds (4.54 kg)). After 1 year, 6.1% developed overall functional loss, and 3.9% developed lower-extremity functional loss. Regression models adjusted for demographic, socioeconomic, health, and behavioral risk factors. Compared with those who reported nonproblem neighborhoods, those who reported multiple-problem neighborhoods were at increased risk of overall functional loss (odds ratio = 2.23, 95% confidence interval: 1.08, 4.60) and lower-extremity functional loss (odds ratio = 3.12, 95% confidence interval: 1.15, 8.51). Neighborhood problems associated with the largest increase in risk were excessive noise, inadequate lighting, and heavy traffic. Older people who reported problematic neighborhood environments had a greater risk of functional deterioration over 1 year compared with those in better neighborhoods.