You Can't Run, but You Can Hide: The Skeleton of the Sand‐Swimmer Lizard Calyptommatus leiolepis (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae)
You Can't Run, but You Can Hide: The Skeleton of the Sand‐Swimmer Lizard Calyptommatus leiolepis (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae)
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DOI：
10.1002/ar.24246
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发表时间：
2019-09
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Nicholas T. Holovacs;J. D. Daza;C. Guerra;E. Stanley;R. Montero
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Nicholas T. Holovacs;J. D. Daza;C. Guerra;E. Stanley;R. Montero
有鳞动物的身体结构具有很大的多样性，这直接决定了它们对栖息地的利用和偏好。在这里，我们分析了沙泳穴居裸眼动物Calyptommatus leiolepis的骨骼，以研究其独特的穴居运动如何影响其骨骼学。Calyptommatus leiolepis是一种四肢减少，短中尾蜥蜴。虽然有其他研究的一般解剖，我们进行了详细的描述，它的骨骼。使用高分辨率计算机断层扫描，骨骼中的每个骨骼元素都被数字化分割，并呈现详细的描述。与挖洞有关的解剖学特征包括头部有一个铲状的吻，有一个发育良好的水平软组织脊，鼻软骨可以将沙子从鼻孔中排除，眼睛缩小，被Brille覆盖，缺乏前肢，后肢极度缩小，以及重叠的鳞片等。Calyptommatus属具有独特的特征，例如三辐状的轭（具有手指状的后部突起），减少的胸带和前肢，连接肋骨的胸骨旁突起，以及后肢中的单个手指。当比较这个物种与其他gymnophthalmid蜥蜴，包括fossorial物种，很明显，Calyptommatus表现出最高数量的家庭内的结构修改。尽管其特殊的形态，它仍然保留了字符，将该属与其他成员的裸眼鱼科时，包括在一个单基表型数据的系统发育。Anat Rec，303：1305-1326，2020。© 2019美国解剖学协会
Squamates exhibit a vast diversity of body plans, which directly determines habitat use and preference. Here the skeleton of the sand‐swimmer burrower gymnophthalmid, Calyptommatus leiolepis, is analyzed to investigate how its peculiar fossorial locomotion affects its osteology. Calyptommatus leiolepis is a limb‐reduced, short‐intermediate tailed lizard. Although there are other studies on its general anatomy, we performed a detailed description of its skeleton. Using high‐resolution computer tomography, each bone element within the skeleton was digitally segmented and a detailed description rendered. Anatomical features related to burrowing include the head having a shovel‐like snout with a well‐developed horizontal soft tissue ridge, nasal cartilages that exclude sand from the nostrils, reduced eyes covered by a brille, lack of forelimbs, extreme reduction of hind limbs, and imbricated scales among others. The genus Calyptommatus has unique features such as a triradiate jugal (with digit‐like posterior projections), a reduced pectoral girdle and forelimbs, parasternal processes that interconnect the ribs, and a single digit in the hind limbs. When comparing this species with other gymnophthalmid lizards including, fossorial species, it is clear that Calyptommatus exhibits the highest number of structural modifications within the family. Despite its specialized morphology, it still retains characters that link this genus to other members of Gymnophthalmidae when included in a phylogeny based solely on phenotypic data. Anat Rec, 303:1305–1326, 2020. © 2019 American Association for Anatomy