Smile to see the forest: Facially expressed positive emotions broaden cognition.
Smile to see the forest: Facially expressed positive emotions broaden cognition.
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微笑着看森林：面部表达的积极情绪扩大了认知。
DOI：
10.1080/02699930903384667
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发表时间：
2010-02-19
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Fredrickson BL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Johnson KJ;Waugh CE;Fredrickson BL
拓宽假说是拓宽与构建理论的一部分，它提出积极情绪会导致认知状态的拓宽。在这里，我们提出的证据表明，认知扩展可以产生频繁的面部表情的积极情绪。此外，我们提出了一种新的方法，使用面部肌电图（EMG）区分杜兴（真正的）和非杜兴（非真正的）微笑。在整个实验中，杜兴微笑更频繁地发生在积极情绪诱导比中性或消极诱导。在整个实验中，杜兴的微笑与特定积极情绪的自我报告相关。在实验1中，杜兴微笑的高频率预测了全局-局部视觉处理任务中注意力广度的增加。在实验2中，高频率的杜兴微笑预测增加注意力的灵活性上的隐蔽注意定向任务。这些数据强调了在情绪和认知研究中使用多种方法测量情绪体验的价值。
The broaden hypothesis, part of broaden-and-build theory, proposes that positive emotions lead to broadened cognitive states. Here, we present evidence that cognitive broadening can be produced by frequent facial expressions of positive emotion. Additionally, we present a novel method of using facial electromyography (EMG) to discriminate between Duchenne (genuine) and non-Duchenne (non-genuine) smiles. Across experiments, Duchenne smiles occurred more frequently during positive emotion inductions than neutral or negative inductions. Across experiments, Duchenne smiles correlated with self-reports of specific positive emotions. In Experiment 1, high frequencies of Duchenne smiles predicted increased attentional breadth on a global–local visual processing task. In Experiment 2, high frequencies of Duchenne smiles predicted increased attentional flexibility on a covert attentional orienting task. These data underscore the value of using multiple methods to measure emotional experience in studies of emotion and cognition.