Landlords and Access to Opportunity

Landlords and Access to Opportunity
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房东和机会

DOI:
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发表时间:
2019
期刊:
Working paper (Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
D. Phillips
D. Phillips
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
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作者:
Dionissi Aliprantis;Hal Martin;D. Phillips

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尽管有资格在任何社区使用住房选择代金券,但住房选择代金券往往会在机会较少的社区兑换。本文调查了房东如何对这一结果做出贡献,以及他们如何应对改变这一结果的努力。我们利用了华盛顿特区的一项政策变化,即只在高租金社区增加代金券租金。使用两波通信实验对政策变化进行分类,我们发现大多数机会房东会筛选出潜在的代金券租户,并且我们发现,在代金券支付每月增加450美元后,平均筛选行为没有变化。然而,在租赁数据中,确实有足够多的房东对支付增加的付款做出回应,以平衡代金券租户进入高租金社区与低租金社区的流量。利用税收数据和一家专门提供补贴住房的网站上的列表,我们描述了一群边缘机会房东的特征,他们对更高的付款做出了反应。边际机会房东相对罕见,他们将自己的单元以接近市场价的价格列出,规模较小,并根据难以观察到的单元质量差异,负面地选择加入代金券计划。
Despite being eligible for use in any neighborhood, housing choice vouchers tend to be redeemed in low-opportunity neighborhoods. This paper investigates how landlords contribute to this outcome and how they respond to efforts to change it. We leverage a policy change in Washington, DC, that increased voucher rental payments only in high-rent neighborhoods. Using two waves of a correspondence experiment that bracket the policy change, we show that most opportunity landlords screen out prospective voucher tenants, and we detect no change in average screening behavior after a $450 per month increase in voucher payments. In lease-up data, however, enough landlords do respond to increased payments to equalize the flow of voucher tenants into high- vs. low-rent neighborhoods. Using tax data and listings from a website specializing in subsidized housing, we characterize a group of marginal opportunity landlords who respond to higher payments. Marginal opportunity landlords are relatively rare, list their units near market rates, operate on a small scale, and negatively select into the voucher program based on hard-to-observe differences in unit quality.
DOI: 10.1002/pam.22104
发表时间: 2019
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影响因子: --
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