Experimental Perspectives of Mineral Dissolution and Precipitation due to Carbon Dioxide-Water-Rock Interactions
Experimental Perspectives of Mineral Dissolution and Precipitation due to Carbon Dioxide-Water-Rock Interactions
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DOI：
10.2138/rmg.2013.77.5
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Kaszuba;B. Yardley;M. Andréani
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Kaszuba;B. Yardley;M. Andréani
二氧化碳（CO₂）和水（H₂O）流体与容纳它们的岩石之间的相互作用对地质碳储存（GCS）具有重要意义，原因有以下几点。这些相互作用决定了能够以溶液形式和矿物形式被捕获的二氧化碳的量。储层岩石和盖层岩石的岩石物理性质，特别是孔隙度和渗透率，也会受到影响。流体和矿物中的碳储存，以及岩石岩石物理性质可能发生的变化，都直接关系到地质碳储存的长期有效性。许多潜在的储层岩石含有一系列可能以非常不同的速率发生反应的矿物。特别是，碳酸盐矿物是沉积岩中广泛存在的次要成分，其反应速度比硅酸盐快得多，而黏土矿物通常比石英或碱性长石等矿物的反应性强得多。因此，注入二氧化碳的储层中孔隙流体成分的演化可能受到动力学因素的强烈影响。快速反应矿物的溶解可能受到反应物向矿物表面传输的限制，而表面反应缓慢的矿物可能在很长一段时间内与孔隙流体处于非平衡状态。一些反应，如全等溶解，会一直进行到反应矿物与孔隙流体达到平衡，但其他非全等反应可能涉及不稳定的反应物，这些反应物永远无法与孔隙流体达到平衡，从而导致随着时间的推移发生非常广泛的矿物学转变。本章从实验室实验的角度研究二氧化碳和水流体与构成地质碳储存储层的岩石和矿物以及封闭这些储层的盖层之间的相互作用。实验室实验确定热力学和动力学参数，并能够识别可能以前未知或未被重视的流体 - 岩石反应和过程。平衡和动力学方面的实验研究……
Interactions between CO2 and H2O fluids and the rocks that host them are of significance for Geological Carbon Storage (GCS) for several reasons. These interactions determine the amount of CO2 that can be trapped in solution and in minerals. The petrophysical properties of reservoir and cap rocks, especially porosity and permeability, are also affected. Carbon storage in fluids and minerals, coupled with potential changes to the petrophysical properties of rocks, have a direct bearing on the long-term effectiveness of GCS. Many potential reservoir rocks contain a range of minerals that may react at very different rates. In particular, carbonate minerals are widespread minor components of sedimentary rocks and react much more rapidly than silicates, while clay minerals are often much more reactive than minerals such as quartz or alkali feldspars. It follows that the evolution of pore fluid composition in a reservoir into which CO2 is injected may be strongly influenced by kinetic factors. Dissolution of fast-reacting minerals may be limited by the transport of reactants to the mineral surface, while minerals whose surfaces react only slowly may persist out of equilibrium with pore fluid for extended periods. Some reactions, such as congruent dissolution, proceed until the reacting mineral is in equilibrium with the pore fluid, but other, incongruent reactions may involve unstable reactants which never attain equilibrium with the pore fluid, resulting in very extensive mineralogical transformations over time. This chapter examines interactions between CO2 and H2O fluids and the rocks and minerals that comprise GCS reservoirs, as well as the caprocks that seal these reservoirs, from the perspective of laboratory experiments. Laboratory experiments determine thermodynamic and kinetic parameters and can identify fluid-rock reactions and processes that may have been previously unknown or unappreciated. Experimental studies of equilibrium and kinetic aspects …