Isolation of diploid and tetraploid Sexual plants in guineagrass (Panicum maximum Jacq.)
Isolation of diploid and tetraploid Sexual plants in guineagrass (Panicum maximum Jacq.)
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几内亚草二倍体和四倍体有性植物的分离（Panicum maximum Jacq.）
DOI：
10.1270/jsbbs1951.29.228
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发表时间：
1979
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
S. Suzuki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
K. Nakajima;T. Komatsu;N. Mochizuki;S. Suzuki
通过子代试验筛选了豚草有性生殖植株（有性植株），并对其进行了进一步的杂交育种。86份豚草材料中有234株采用套袋和（或）开放授粉的自花授粉方法。在这些试验中，它们的后代被空间种植在10或12株的地块上。在8个不同器官上观察到茸毛和形态性状的明显变化，以此来评价后代的变异。变异的两个标准，即植物类型的数量和在一个后代中属于优势植物类型的植物数量。株型是一个后代中表现出相同或相似性状得分组合的一组植物。根据植物类型的数量和优势类型植物的数量，确定其生殖方式是有性生殖还是无融合生殖，并估计有性生殖的程度。在234株植物中，从4份材料中分离到4株高性植物和2株低性植物。在第二代通过后代试验确定了这6株植物的性别。分离的高有性植株在其后代中产生高有性的后代，非隔离的后代和少数或没有高有性的后代。低性别的后代产生低性别的后代和不分离的后代。对有性植物的花粉母细胞和根尖细胞进行染色体计数。4株高性植株分为1株2n=32条染色体、2株2n=16条染色体和1株2n=18条染色体。2株10wly性植株包括1株染色体数目为2n=32的植株和1株染色体数目为1 × 32的植株。本研究首次发现了2n=18条染色体的有性植物。最后讨论了利用这些有性植物与单聚体结合选育该植物的前景
Sexually leproduclng plants (sexual plants) of guineagrass were screened by progeny tests for progressing cross breeding in this apomictic species. Two hundreds and thirty four plants of 86 guineagrass accessions were self-pollinated by bagging and/or open-pollinated. Their progenies were space-planted in plot of ten or twelve plants in these tests. Hairiness on eight different organs and distinct changes of morphological traits were observed for scoring the variability within progeny. Two criteria of varia-bility, viz. number of plant types and number of plants belonging to the predominant plant type within a progeny, were adopted. Plant type is a group of plants in a progeny which showed the same or similar combination of scores given to the charac-ters. Determination of the mode of reproduction, sexual or apomictic, and estimation of the degree of sexual reproduction (sexuality) were made basing on the number of plant types and number of plants belonging to the predominant type. Out of 234 plants, 4 highly sexual plants and 2 Iowly sexual plants were isolated from 4 accessions. Sexuality of these 6 plants was ascertained by progeny test in the second generation. The isolated highly sexual plants produced highly sexual offsprings, non-segregating offsprings and a few or no lolvly sexual offsprings in their progenies. Lowly sexual platns produced lowly sexual offsprings and non-segregating offsprings. Chromosome numbers of sexual plants were counted in pollen mother cell or root-tip cell. Four highly sexual plants were classifled into one plant with 2n=32 chromosomes, two plants lvith 2n=16 chromosomes and one plant with 2n=18 chromosomes. Two 10wly sexual plants included one plant with 2n=32 chromosomes and one plant of unl.cnown chromosome number. Sexual plant with 2n=18 chromosomes was first dis-covered in the present studies. Prospect of utilizin*o' these sexual plants in combination with apomicts for breeding of this plant species lvas discussed