CORRIGENDUM: The physics of attosecond light pulses
CORRIGENDUM: The physics of attosecond light pulses
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勘误表：阿秒光脉冲的物理学
DOI：
10.1088/0034-4885/67/8/c01
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发表时间：
2004
影响因子：
18.1
通讯作者：
L. D. Mauro
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Agostini;L. D. Mauro
阿秒（1 as= 10− 18 s）一词正式进入物理学词汇，是在紫外/极紫外光的亚飞秒脉冲被建立时，无论是通过超短红外泵浦脉冲的非线性频率转换，还是通过宽带辐射的傅立叶合成。这些脉冲的物理学是基于非线性、非微扰的激光-原子相互作用：受激拉曼散射或高次谐波产生（HHG）用于产生必要的带宽，其自然包括可见光和UV/XUV光谱范围。然而，阿秒脉冲产生的关键因素是光谱相位的控制。必须制定新的方法，在紫外/极远紫外波段的频率上进行时间表征。这些方法依赖于能量/动量分析的光电子产生的XUV阿秒闪光的存在下，一个强烈的红外场，其光学周期本身成为基本的时钟。单650作为脉冲已产生和应用于跟踪内壳层孔的创建后，原子内的电子的动力学。250作为脉冲的周期梳已被合成通过叠加只是四个谐波和应用于高次谐波中的电子运动的阿秒定时。虽然通过耦合更多的谐波来增加带宽是很容易的，但是已经发现了对所产生的光突发的持续时间的基本限制。它是由不同谐波阶数的不同步造成的。目前的限制估计为130作为。最新的进展包括阿秒脉冲序列的直接自相关和单个250 as软X射线脉冲的产生。本文介绍了阿秒光脉冲的产生和表征的最新进展，并简要介绍了阿秒物理学的第一步。
The word'attosecond'(1 as= 10− 18 s) officially entered the vocabulary of physics when sub-femtosecond pulses of UV/XUV light produced either by nonlinear frequency conversion of a ultra-short infrared pump pulse or Fourier synthesis of broad bandwidth radiation were established. The physics of these pulses is based on nonlinear, nonperturbative laser–atom interaction: stimulated Raman scattering or high harmonic generation (HHG) is used to generate the necessary bandwidth, which naturally encompasses the visible and UV/XUV spectral range. However, the crucial element for attosecond pulse generation is the control of the spectral phase. New methods of temporal characterization at frequencies lying in the UV/XUV had to be elaborated. These methods rely on the energy/momentum analysis of photoelectrons produced by XUV attosecond flashes in the presence of an intense infrared field whose optical cycle itself becomes the basic clock. Single 650 as pulses have been produced and applied to trace the dynamics of electrons inside atoms following the creation of an inner-shell hole. Periodic combs of 250 as pulses have been synthesized by superposing just four harmonics and applying to the attosecond timing of the electron motion in HHG. Although it is easy to increase the bandwidth by coupling more harmonics, a fundamental limit to the duration of the light bursts produced has been discovered. It is imposed by the lack of synchronization of the different harmonic orders. The current limit is estimated to be 130 as. The latest advances include a direct autocorrelation of an attosecond pulse train and the production of a single 250 as soft x-ray pulse. This paper offers a snapshot of the state-of-the-art in the production and characterization of attosecond light pulses, with a glimpse at the first steps in attophysics.