Precursor‐Controlled Formation of Novel Carbon/Metal and Carbon/Metal Oxide Nanocomposites
Precursor‐Controlled Formation of Novel Carbon/Metal and Carbon/Metal Oxide Nanocomposites
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DOI：
10.1002/adma.200702654
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发表时间：
2008-05
影响因子：
29.4
通讯作者：
L. Zhi;Yong‐Sheng Hu;B. Hamaoui;Xuan Wang;I. Lieberwirth;U. Kolb;J. Maier;K. Müllen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. Zhi;Yong‐Sheng Hu;B. Hamaoui;Xuan Wang;I. Lieberwirth;U. Kolb;J. Maier;K. Müllen
碳质材料由于其重量轻、耐热性高、孔隙率和强度可调，而且还由于其令人兴奋的电子性质，长期以来一直被认为是高性能材料。当与其他金属纳米颗粒杂交形成碳/金属纳米复合材料（CMC）时，通过碳和金属的组合实现多功能性，从而产生有趣的磁性材料，催化剂，电池电极或化学传感器。已经开发了用于制备CMC的各种方法。在大多数情况下，沉积在碳质材料上的金属阳离子被化学或物理还原以形成CMC。在这些方法中，颗粒的不均匀分散和团聚是有问题的。虽然仔细处理的有机/金属配合物的热解可以避免强烈的团聚，并获得良好分散的颗粒在碳基质中，有效的调整CMC的结构是具有挑战性的，由于在高温下难以控制分子间的相互作用。已知前体结构影响碳材料的结构。近年来，通过固态热解制备出具有独特结构的碳质颗粒，证明了碳质颗粒与前驱体之间的密切关系，从而激发了碳源控制热解制备特定碳材料的概念。
Carbonaceous materials have long been considered as a high-performance material due to their light weight, high thermal resistance, tunable porosity and strength, but also because of their exciting electronic properties. When hybridized with other metal nanoparticles to form carbon/ metal nanocomposites (CMCs), multifunctionality is achieved through the combination of carbon and metal, leading to interesting magnetic materials, catalysts, battery electrodes, or chemical sensors. Various methods for preparing CMCs have been developed. In most cases, metal cations deposited on carbonaceous materials were reduced chemically or physically to form CMCs. In these processes, heterogeneous dispersion and agglomeration of the particles are problematic. Although carefully handled pyrolysis of organic/metal complexes can avoid strong agglomeration and obtain welldispersed particles in the carbon matrix, effective adjustment of the structure of CMCs is challenging due to the difficulty of controlling molecular interactions at high temperatures. It is known that the precursor structure influences the structure of the carbon materials. Recently, the solid-state pyrolysis of well-defined, carbon-rich precursors into carbonaceous particles with unique structures demonstrated the close relationship between precursor and product, which stimulated the concept of precursor-controlled thermolysis towards defined carbon materials.