Seasonal characteristics of water-soluble inorganic ions and carbonaceous aerosols in total suspended particulate matter at a rural semi-arid site, Kadapa (India)
Seasonal characteristics of water-soluble inorganic ions and carbonaceous aerosols in total suspended particulate matter at a rural semi-arid site, Kadapa (India)
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DOI：
10.1007/s11356-016-7917-1
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Mandal, T. K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Begam, G. Reshma;Vachaspati, C. Viswanatha;Mandal, T. K.
为了更好地了解Kadapa（印度）农村半干旱地区区域气溶胶的来源和特征，对大气颗粒物（PM）质量浓度的大小分辨组成进行了采样和分析。在2013年3月至2015年2月期间，使用Anderson低压冲击器进行了为期2年的测试。此外，还研究了测量地点总悬浮颗粒物（TSPM）中有机碳（OC）、元素碳（EC）和水溶性无机离子组分（wsic）的变化。从统计分析来看，季风前PM质量浓度中粗态粒子的丰度高于细态粒子。在冬季，细模态粒子对PM浓度的贡献大于粗模态粒子。在季风后季节，粗模态和细模态的贡献率相等，而在季风期间，粗模态比细模态的贡献率高约26%。细模态粒子在研究期间的这种显著特征主要归因于大尺度的人为活动和区域盛行气象条件。此外，通过使用某些离子的比率定性地确定了PM的潜在来源。在研究期间，在测量地点观察到高硫酸盐（SO4）浓度，这是由附近/周围的采矿活动引起的。对TSPM的碳组分（OC和EC）也进行了分析，结果表明（OC/EC比值接近4.2）二次有机气溶胶的形成。最后，在不同季节对Kadapa进行聚类反轨迹分析，以揭示研究期间远程输运源的来源。
To better understand the sources as well as characterization of regional aerosols at a rural semi-arid region Kadapa (India), size-resolved composition of atmospheric particulate matter (PM) mass concentrations was sampled and analysed. This was carried out by using the Anderson low-pressure impactor for a period of 2 years during March 2013-February 2015. Also, the variations of organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC) and water-soluble inorganic ion components (WSICs) present in total suspended particulate matter (TSPM) were studied over the measurement site. From the statistical analysis, the PM mass concentration showed a higher abundance of coarse mode particles than the fine mode during pre-monsoon season. In contrast, fine mode particles in the PM concentration showed dominance over coarse mode particle contribution during the winter. During the post-monsoon season, the percentage contributions of coarse and fine fractions were equal, whereas during the monsoon, coarse mode fraction was approximately 26 % higher than the fine mode. This distinct feature in the case of fine mode particles during the studied period is mainly attributed to large-scale anthropogenic activities and regional prevailing meteorological conditions. Further, the potential sources of PM have been identified qualitatively by using the ratios of certain ions. A high sulphate (SO4) concentration at the measurement site was observed during the studied period which is caused by the nearby/surrounding mining activity. Carbon fractions (OC and EC) were also analysed from the TSPM, and the results indicated (OC/EC ratio of similar to 4.2) the formation of a secondary organic aerosol. At last, the cluster backward trajectory analyses were also performed at Kadapa for different seasons to reveal the origin of sources from long-range transport during the study period.