Separating past and future autobiographical events in memory: Evidence for a reality monitoring asymmetry
Separating past and future autobiographical events in memory: Evidence for a reality monitoring asymmetry
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DOI：
10.3758/mc.38.1.3
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发表时间：
2010-01-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Gallo, David A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McDonough, Ian M.;Gallo, David A.
在思考过去、想象未来之后，人们如何区分记忆中的这些真实事件和想象事件？我们让受试者参与过去和未来的自传式阐述，然后进行记忆测试，要求他们回忆这些早期生成的事件。在实验1中，测试先前生成的过去或未来自传事件的记忆，比精细控制任务导致的源记忆混乱更少，这表明自传精细化的独特特征提高了后续检索监控的准确性。在实验2中，我们直接比较了先前生成的过去和未来自传事件的检索监控准确性，发现受试者在搜索未来事件的记忆时较少出现来源混淆。这种不对称性表明，在现实监控过程中，表征未来阐述的特征（例如认知操作）比表征过去阐述的特征（例如感知细节）更有效，并且对面向未来的记忆理论具有影响。
After thinking about the past and imagining the future, how do people separate these real and imagined events in memory? We had subjects engage in past and future autobiographical elaboration, then later take memory tests that required them to recollect these earlier generated events. In Experiment 1, testing memory for previously generated past or future autobiographical events led to fewer source memory confusions than did an elaborative control task, suggesting that the distinctive features of autobiographical elaboration improved subsequent retrieval monitoring accuracy. In Experiment 2, we directly compared retrieval monitoring accuracy for previously generated past and future autobiographical events and found that subjects made fewer source confusions when searching memory for future events. This asymmetry suggests that the features characterizing future elaborations (e.g., cognitive operations) were used more effectively during reality monitoring than were the features characterizing past elaborations (e.g., perceptual details), and has implications for future-oriented theories of memory.