METABOLIC PHENOTYPING GUIDELINES Assessing glucose homeostasis in rodent models
METABOLIC PHENOTYPING GUIDELINES Assessing glucose homeostasis in rodent models
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DOI：
10.1530/joe-14-0182
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发表时间：
2014-09-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Jones, Peter M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bowe, James E.;Franklin, Zara J.;Jones, Peter M.
糖尿病作为一种疾病的病理生理学特征在于不能维持正常的葡萄糖稳态。在1型糖尿病中，这是由于胰腺β细胞的自身免疫破坏和随后的胰岛素产生缺乏，而在2型糖尿病中，这是由于胰岛素抵抗和b细胞无法通过增加的胰岛素释放充分补偿的组合。动物模型，特别是转基因小鼠，越来越多地被用于阐明1型和2型糖尿病的潜在机制，因此研究体内葡萄糖稳态的能力已成为一个重要的工具。存在用于测量葡萄糖耐量的不同方面的几种技术，并且这些方法中的每一种都具有明显的优点和缺点。因此，适当的方法学可能因研究而异，这取决于所需的终点、动物模型和其他实际考虑。本文概述了最常用的技术，用于评估啮齿动物的葡萄糖耐量，并详细介绍了在使用中应考虑的因素。代表性的情况下，说明了一些实际的考虑因素，设计在体内实验的测量葡萄糖稳态进行了讨论。Journal of Endocrinology
The pathophysiology of diabetes as a disease is characterised by an inability to maintain normal glucose homeostasis. In type 1 diabetes, this is due to autoimmune destruction of the pancreatic beta-cells and subsequent lack of insulin production, and in type 2 diabetes it is due to a combination of both insulin resistance and an inability of the b-cells to compensate adequately with increased insulin release. Animal models, in particular genetically modified mice, are increasingly being used to elucidate the mechanisms underlying both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, and as such the ability to study glucose homeostasis in vivo has become an essential tool. Several techniques exist for measuring different aspects of glucose tolerance and each of these methods has distinct advantages and disadvantages. Thus the appropriate methodology may vary from study to study depending on the desired end-points, the animal model, and other practical considerations. This review outlines the most commonly used techniques for assessing glucose tolerance in rodents and details the factors that should be taken into account in their use. Representative scenarios illustrating some of the practical considerations of designing in vivo experiments for the measurement of glucose homeostasis are also discussed. Journal of Endocrinology