Reproductive dominance and differential ovicide in the communally breeding burying beetle Nicrophorus tomentosus
Reproductive dominance and differential ovicide in the communally breeding burying beetle Nicrophorus tomentosus
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群居埋地甲虫 Nicrophorus tomentosus 的生殖优势和差异性杀卵
DOI：
10.1007/s002650050347
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发表时间：
1997
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
M. Scott
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Scott
群体育种的特点是在合作个体之间进行繁殖分配，如果繁殖分配不公平，则实现繁殖成功率的机制存在偏差。埋葬甲虫（Nicrophorus tomentosus）是兼性公共繁殖者。无血缘关系的成年人，尤其是雌性，为混血儿提供广泛的父母照顾。通过实验检查了两名雌性之间生殖偏差的频率和程度。在中等大小的屠体中，42% 的窝中每只雌性所产卵的比例与随机分布没有显着差异，42% 的产卵存在偏差，16% 的产卵不共享。尽管繁殖通常偏向于较大的雌性，但两只雌性的相对大小并不能预测偏斜的程度。在大型屠体中，87% 的孵卵中每只雌性所产的卵的比例与随机没有差异，而 13% 的则有轻微偏差。研究了影响生殖成功的几种机制。雌性通过差异性杀卵来增加其后代在巢中的比例。其次，掩埋和准备尸体的协同作用会刺激较大雌性的卵巢发育，并减慢较小雌性的卵巢发育，从而减少或延迟下属的产卵。第三，体型较大的雌性比体型较小的雌性更有可能占据主导地位并且繁殖力更强。
Communal breeding can be characterized by the division of reproduction among cooperating individuals and, if the distribution of reproduction is inequitable, by the mechanisms for achieving skewed reproductive success. The burying beetle (Nicrophorus tomentosus) is a facultative communal breeder. Unrelated adults, especially females, provide extensive parental care to broods of mixed parentage. The frequency and degree of reproductive skew between two females were examined experimentally. On medium-size carcasses, the proportion of eggs attributed to each female was not significantly different from random in 42% of the broods, skewed in 42% and not shared in 16%. Although reproduction was usually skewed in favor of the larger female, the relative sizes of the two females did not predict the degree of skew. On large carcasses, the proportion of eggs attributed to each female was not different from random in 87% of the broods and weakly skewed in 13%. Several mechanisms for biasing reproductive success were investigated. Females increase the proportion of their offspring in the brood by committing differential ovicide. Secondly, burying and preparing a carcass cooperatively stimulates ovarian development of the larger female and slows it for the smaller female, reducing or delaying oviposition by the subordinate. Thirdly, larger females are more likely to be dominant and are more fecund than smaller females.