Cognitive factors that maintain social anxiety disorder: A comprehensive model and its treatment implications
Cognitive factors that maintain social anxiety disorder: A comprehensive model and its treatment implications
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DOI：
10.1080/16506070701421313
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发表时间：
2007-01-01
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Hofmann, Stefan G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hofmann, Stefan G.
社交焦虑症（SAD）是一种常见、令人痛苦且持续的精神疾病。最近的研究发现了一些可以解释这种疾病持续存在的心理因素。这些因素在此作为 SAD 综合心理维持模型的一部分提出。该模型假设社会忧虑与不切实际的社会标准和选择可实现的社会目标的缺陷有关。当面对具有挑战性的社交情境时，患有SAD的人会将注意力转移到焦虑上，将自己消极地视为社交对象，高估社交遭遇的负面后果，认为自己无法控制自己的情绪反应，并认为自己的社交技能不足以有效应对社交情境。为了避免社交事故，患有季节性情感障碍的人会恢复适应不良的应对策略，包括回避和安全行为，以及事后反思，这会导致未来进一步的社交恐惧。讨论了可能的针对特定疾病的干预策略。
Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is a common, distressing and persistent mental illness. Recent studies have identified a number of psychological factors that could explain the maintenance of the disorder. These factors are presented here as part of a comprehensive psychological maintenance model of SAD. This model assumes that social apprehension is associated with unrealistic social standards and a deficiency in selecting attainable social goals. When confronted with challenging social situations, individuals with SAD shift their attention toward their anxiety, view themselves negatively as a social object, overestimate the negative consequences of a social encounter, believe that they have little control over their emotional response, and view their social skills as inadequate to effectively cope with the social situation. In order to avoid social mishaps, individuals with SAD revert to maladaptive coping strategies, including avoidance and safety behaviors, followed by post-event rumination, which leads to further social apprehension in the future. Possible disorder-specific intervention strategies are discussed.