Psychological effects of forest environments on healthy adults: Shinrin-yoku (forest-air bathing, walking) as a possible method of stress reduction
Psychological effects of forest environments on healthy adults: Shinrin-yoku (forest-air bathing, walking) as a possible method of stress reduction
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DOI：
10.1016/j.puhe.2006.05.024
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发表时间：
2007-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Shirakawa, T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Morita, E.;Fukuda, S.;Shirakawa, T.
目的：Shinrin-yoku（在森林中散步和/或停留以促进健康）是日本的一种主要休闲方式;然而，其效果尚未完全阐明。本研究的目的是：（1）在大量的参与者中评价Shinrin-yoku的精神作用;（2）确定与这些作用相关的因素。在同一天（森林日）在森林中进行了两次调查，并在对照日进行了两次调查。使用多种情绪量表简表（敌意、抑郁、无聊、友好、幸福和活泼）和状态-特质焦虑量表A状态量表评估结果。结果：与对照日相比，森林日的敌对（P < 0.001）和抑郁（P < 0.001）评分显著降低，活泼（P=0.001）评分显著升高;除敌对性外，环境因素对所有结果均具有主效应，森林环境具有优势。压力水平被证明是相关的shinrin-yoku效应的大小;压力水平越高，更大的effect.Conclusions：这项研究表明，森林环境是有利的急性情绪，特别是在那些经历慢性压力。因此，可以采用Shinrin-yoku作为减压方法，森林环境可以被视为治疗景观。因此，习惯性的Shinrin-yoku可能有助于降低心理社会压力相关疾病的风险，并且有必要评估Shinrin-yoku的长期影响。(c)2006年由Elsevier Ltd代表皇家公共卫生研究所出版。
Objectives: Shinrin-yoku (walking and/or staying in forests in order to promote health) is a major form of relaxation in Japan; however, its effects have yet to be completely clarified. The aims of this study were: (1) to evaluate the psychotogicat effects of shinrin-yoku in a large number of participants; and (2) to identify the factors related to these effects.Methods: Four hundred and ninety-eight healthy volunteers took part in the study. Surveys were conducted twice in a forest on the same day (forest day) and twice on a control day. Outcome measures were evaluated using the Multiple Mood Scale-Short Form (hostility, depression, boredom, friendliness, wellbeing and liveliness) and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory A-State Scale. Statistical analyses were conducted using analysis of variance and multiple regression analyses.Results: Hostility (P < 0.001) and depression (P < 0.001) scores decreased significantly, and liveliness (P=0.001) scores increased significantly on the forest day compared with the control day. The main effect of environment was also observed with all outcomes except for hostility, and the forest environment was advantageous. Stress levels were shown to be related to the magnitude of the shinrin-yoku effect; the higher the stress level, the greater the effect.Conclusions: This study revealed that forest environments are advantageous with respect to acute emotions, especially among those experiencing chronic stress. Accordingly, shinrin-yoku may be employed as a stress reduction method, and forest environments can be viewed as therapeutic landscapes. Therefore, customary shinrin-yoku may help to decrease the risk of psychosocial stress-related diseases, and evaluation of the tong-term effects of shinrin-yoku is warranted. (c) 2006 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The Royal Institute of Public Health.