Physiological role of anticipatory cardiorespiratory responses to exercise.
Physiological role of anticipatory cardiorespiratory responses to exercise.
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DOI：
10.14814/phy2.15210
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发表时间：
2022-03
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Kinoshita H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Miyamoto T;Sotobayashi D;Ito G;Kawai E;Nakahara H;Ueda S;Toyama T;Saku K;Nakanishi Y;Kinoshita H
本研究旨在调查预期心肺反应是否会根据随后的运动强度而变化，以及预期心肺调整是否对提高高强度运动期间的运动表现有重要作用。 11 名健康男性在以 0、50、80 或 95% 最大工作率进行运动前 10 分钟内收到了运动强度的提前通知和倒计时以产生预期（实验 1）。另一组受试者 (n = 15) 进行了有或没有预期倒计时的力竭时间试验（实验 2）。在实验1中，运动前休息期间的心率（HR）、摄氧量（VO2）和每分钟通气量（VE）随着时间的推移而增加，并且取决于随后的运动强度。具体来说，在 95% 最大工作率下运动开始前 5 分钟以上，心率已经增加了 7.4%，随后在运动前 2 至 3 分钟之间逐渐增加了 12.5%，在运动前 0 至 1 分钟之间增加了 24.4%。在实验 2 中，有预期的任务中前 10 秒运动的初始 HR 比没有预期的大 11.4% (p < 0.01)，并且两种条件之间的 HR 差异以时间依赖性方式减小。相比之下，有预期的任务中 VO2 和 VE 的初始增加明显低于没有预期的任务。与无预期相比，高强度运动期间，在有预期的情况下，疲劳时间延长了 14.6%（135 ± 26 秒 vs. 119 ± 26 秒，p = 0.003）。此外，运动表现的增强与运动开始前和运动后立即心率反应的增加呈正相关（p < 0.01）。这些结果表明，在开始运动之前通过高级大脑进行的预期心肺调节（前馈控制）可能在最大限度地减少循环反应的时间延迟和提高人类开始高强度运动后的表现方面发挥重要作用。这项研究的中心问题是什么？本研究旨在调查预期心肺反应是否会根据后续运动强度而变化，以及预期心肺调整是否对提高高强度运动期间的运动表现有重要作用。主要发现及其重要性是什么？运动开始前的预期心肺控制可能在最大限度地减少动态运动开始后循环反应的延迟和生理效率方面发挥重要作用，从而提高高强度运动期间的最大运动表现。
This study aimed to investigate whether anticipatory cardiorespiratory responses vary depending on the intensity of the subsequent exercise bout, and whether anticipatory cardiorespiratory adjustments contribute importantly to enhancing exercise performance during high‐intensity exercise. Eleven healthy men were provided advance notice of the exercise intensity and a countdown to generate anticipation during 10 min prior to exercise at 0, 50, 80 or 95% maximal work‐rate (Experiment 1). A different group of subjects (n = 15) performed a time to exhaustion trial with or without anticipatory countdown (Experiment 2). In Experiment 1, heart rate (HR), oxygen uptake (VO2) and minute ventilation (VE) during pre‐exercise resting period increased over time and depended on the subsequent exercise intensity. Specifically, there was already a 7.4% increase in HR from more than 5 min prior to the start of exercise at 95% maximal work‐rate, followed by progressively augmented increases of 12.5% between 2 and 3 min before exercise, 24.4% between 0 and 1 min before exercise. In Experiment 2, the initial HR for the first 10 s of exercise in the task with anticipation was 11.4% larger compared to without anticipation (p < 0.01), and the difference in HR between the two conditions decreased in a time‐dependent manner. In contrast, the initial increases in VO2 and VE were significantly lower in the task with anticipation than that without anticipation. The time to exhaustion during high‐intensity exercise was 14.6% longer under anticipation condition compared to no anticipation (135 ± 26 s vs. 119 ± 26 s, p = 0.003). In addition, the enhanced exercise performance correlated positively with increased HR response just before and immediately after exercise onset (p < 0.01). These results showed that anticipatory cardiorespiratory adjustments (feedforward control) via the higher brain that operate before starting exercise may play an important role in minimizing the time delay of circulatory response and enhancing performance after onset of high‐intensity exercise in man. What is the central question of this study? This study aimed to investigate whether anticipatory cardiorespiratory responses vary depending on the intensity of the subsequent exercise bout, and whether anticipatory cardiorespiratory adjustments contribute importantly to enhancing exercise performance during high‐intensity exercise.What is the main finding and its importance? Anticipatory cardiorespiratory control preceding exercise initiation may play an important role in minimizing the delay of circulatory response and physiological efficiency after onset of dynamic exercise, thereby enhancing maximal exercise performance during high‐intensity exercise.