Age-correlated Differential Destruction of Bones and its Effect on Archaeological Mortality Profiles of Domestic Sheep and Goats
Age-correlated Differential Destruction of Bones and its Effect on Archaeological Mortality Profiles of Domestic Sheep and Goats
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DOI：
10.1006/jasc.1999.0463
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发表时间：
2000-05
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
P. Munson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Munson
摘要 基于生长曲线的经济模型预测，屠宰绵羊和山羊肉的最佳年龄约为 9 个月，如果强调产奶，则屠宰最佳年龄约为 2-6 个月。现代和历史羊群的死亡率概况符合预测，2-12 个月大的羔羊和小羔羊的死亡总是超过总数的 50%，通常超过 75%。相反，对于考古遗址下颌骨的死亡率概况，2-12 个月大的卵壳动物很少超过总数的 50%，大多数情况下低于 25%。民族考古学和实验研究表明，当受到家犬的蹂躏时，成年绵羊和山羊的下颌骨的存活率远高于密度较小且较小的幼年动物的下颌骨。如果将与年龄相关的实际存活率应用于考古遗址的卵壳下颌骨，几乎所有的死亡率都会转化为与现代和历史记录的情况非常相似的死亡率。
Abstract Economic models based on growth curves predict that the optimum age to slaughter sheep and goats for meat is about 9 months, and if milk production is emphasized about 2–6 months. Mortality profiles from modern and historic flocks fit the prediction, for deaths of 2–12-month-old lambs and kids always exceed 50% of the total and commonly exceed 75%. For mortality profiles of mandibles from archaeological sites, on the contrary, ovicaprids 2–12 months old rarely exceed 50% of the total and in the majority of cases are less than 25%. Ethnoarchaeological and experimental studies show that when subjected to ravaging by domestic dogs the mandibles of adult sheep and goats survive at rates much higher than the less dense and smaller mandibles of young animals. If the actualistic age-correlated survival rates are applied to ovicaprid mandibles from archaeological sites, nearly all convert to mortality profiles that are closely similar to modern and historically documented situations.