Calorie Changes in Large Chain Restaurants Declines in New Menu Items but Room for Improvement
Calorie Changes in Large Chain Restaurants Declines in New Menu Items but Room for Improvement
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DOI：
10.1016/j.amepre.2015.05.007
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发表时间：
2016-01-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Jarlenski, Marian P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bleich, Sara N.;Wolfson, Julia A.;Jarlenski, Marian P.
简介：2013年，大型连锁餐厅在新推出的菜单项目中减少了大约60卡路里（或12%）的热量。这篇论文描述了美国大型连锁餐厅的卡路里趋势，以了解以前记录的模式是否持续存在。方法：从MenuStat项目获得数据（包括餐馆的项目普查）。该分析包括在所有三个数据年份（2012-2014年；N = 23,066项）中提供的100家最大的美国餐厅中的66家。采用广义线性模型检验：(1)2012 - 2014年各年份菜单单品热量变化情况；(2) 2013年和2014年新菜品的平均卡路里与2012年菜单上菜品的平均卡路里相比。数据分析于2014年。结果：总体而言，从2012年到2013年，新推出的菜单项目的卡路里含量下降了71（或15%）（p = 0.001），从2012年到2014年下降了69（或14%）（p = 0.03）。这些减少主要集中在新的主菜项目上（2013年减少85卡路里，2014年减少55卡路里；p = 0.01）。虽然新推出的菜单项目的平均卡路里在下降，但它们比三年来菜单上常见的项目要高。在2012年、2013年和2014年，菜单上的食物的平均卡路里没有差异。结论：先前观察到的在大型连锁餐厅中新推出的菜单项目的减少一直保持着，这表明减少卡路里的趋势开始了。(C) 2016美国预防医学杂志
Introduction: Large chain restaurants reduced the number of calories in newly introduced menu items in 2013 by about 60 calories (or 12%) relative to 2012. This paper describes trends in calories available in large U.S. chain restaurants to understand whether previously documented patterns persist.Methods: Data (a census of items for included restaurants) were obtained from the MenuStat project. This analysis included 66 of the 100 largest U.S. restaurants that are available in all three of the data years (2012-2014; N = 23,066 items). Generalized linear models were used to examine: (1) per-item calorie changes from 2012 to 2014 among items on the menu in all years; and (2) mean calories in new items in 2013 and 2014 compared with items on the menu in 2012 only. Data were analyzed in 2014.Results: Overall, calories in newly introduced menu items declined by 71 (or 15%) from 2012 to 2013 (p = 0.001) and by 69 (or 14%) from 2012 to 2014 (p = 0.03). These declines were concentrated mainly in new main course items (85 fewer calories in 2013 and 55 fewer calories in 2014; p = 0.01). Although average calories in newly introduced menu items are declining, they are higher than items common to the menu in all 3 years. No differences in mean calories among items on menus in 2012, 2013, or 2014 were found.Conclusions: The previously observed declines in newly introduced menu items among large restaurant chains have been maintained, which suggests the beginning of a trend toward reducing calories. (C) 2016 American Journal of Preventive Medicine