ANATOMY OF THE RAT KNEE-JOINT AND FIBER COMPOSITION OF A MAJOR ARTICULAR NERVE
ANATOMY OF THE RAT KNEE-JOINT AND FIBER COMPOSITION OF A MAJOR ARTICULAR NERVE
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DOI：
10.1002/ar.1092290415
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发表时间：
1991-04-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
TUISKU, F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
HILDEBRAND, C;OQVIST, G;TUISKU, F
最近的几份报告讨论了关节神经在关节炎中的作用。其中许多都是基于对大鼠的研究。 本研究的目的是检查大鼠膝关节的解剖结构，寻找初级关节神经，并分析该神经的纤维成分。结果表明，该关节的结构在某些方面与人类膝关节不同。 在骨性髌骨的上端，软骨质髌骨向近端延伸，形成髌上囊的前壁。 不同的副韧带集成在关节囊中。 趾长伸肌桥接膝关节，源自股骨外上髁。 发达的半月板含有金字塔形的小骨。 十字韧带的排列方式与人类膝盖相似。 可以识别大后关节神经 (PAN) 和小医学关节神经 (MAN)。 PAN 由约 400 个轴突组成，其中约 80% 是无髓鞘的。 所有有髓纤维都是感觉纤维。 它们呈现出尺寸范围为 1-8μm 的单峰尺寸谱，并且以小纤维为主。特定的去神经表明约 1/3 的无髓鞘轴突代表传入神经，约 2/3 代表交感传出神经。有趣的是，新生儿辣椒素治疗并不影响无髓鞘 PAN 轴突的数量。 正常膝关节中大量无髓鞘交感神经和感觉 PAN 轴突的功能意义仍有待阐明。
Several recent reports discuss the role of joint nerves in arthritis. Many of these are based on studies in the rat. The aim of this study is to examine the anatomy of the rat knee joint, in search for a primary articular nerve, and to analyze the fibre composition of that nerve. The results show that the structure of the joint differs in some respects from the human knee. At the upper end of the bony patella a cartilaginous patella extends proximally, forming the anterior wall of the suprapatellar bursa. Distinct collateral ligaments are integrated in the joint capsule. The extensor digitorum longus muscle bridges the knee joint, originating from the lateral femoral epicondyle. The well-developed menisci contain pyramid-shaped ossicles. The cruciate ligaments are arranged like in the human knee. A large posterior (PAN) and a small medical (MAN) articular nerve can be identified. The PAN is composed of some 400 axons, about 80% of which are unmyelinated. All myelinated fibres are sensory. They present a unimodal size spectrum with a size range of 1-8-mu-m, and a predominance of small fibres. Specific denervations indicate that about 1/3 of the unmyelinated axons represent afferents, and some 2/3 are sympathetic efferents. Interestingly, neonatal capsaicin treatment did not influence the number of unmyelinated PAN axons. The functional significance of the numerous unmyelinated sympathetic and sensory PAN axons in the normal knee joint remains to be elucidated.