Is anyone doing the housework? Trends in the gender division of household labor
Is anyone doing the housework? Trends in the gender division of household labor
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DOI：
10.2307/2675569
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发表时间：
2000-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Robinson, JP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bianchi, SM;Milkie, MA;Robinson, JP
来自美国成年人代表性样本的时间日记数据显示，自 1965 年以来，家务劳动的总时间（不包括儿童保育和购物）持续稳定且可预测地下降。这一发现主要是由于女性（无论是在痛苦劳动力市场内外）的急剧下降，自 20 世纪 60 年代以来，她们的家务劳动时间几乎减少了一半：女性每周 12 小时减少的大约一半可以归因于结构变化 - 例如劳动力增加 参与、晚婚和更少的孩子。相比之下，这一时期男性的家务时间几乎增加了一倍（在 20 世纪 90 年代男性承担了三分之一的家务），而每周增加的 5 小时中只有约 15% 可以归因于结构因素。关于家务劳动中性别差异的平行结果是从全国家庭和家庭调查估计数据中获得的，尽管这些数据比日记数据高出 50%。检验与妻子和丈夫家务劳动时间相关的因素的回归结果显示，与性别观点相比，家庭生产的时间可用性和相对资源模型更多地支持，尽管后者的观点也得到了一些支持。
Time-diary data from representative samples of American adults show that the number of overall hours of domestic labor (excluding child care and shopping) has continued to decline steadily and predictably since 1965. This finding is mainly due to dramatic declines among women (both in and out of the pain labor market), who have net their housework hours almost in half since the 1960s: about half of women's 12-hour-per-week decline can be accounted for by compositional shifts - such as increased labor force participation, later marriage, and fewer children. In contrast, men's housework time has almost doubled during this period (to the point where men were responsible for a third of housework in the 1990s), and only about 15% of their five-hour-per-week increase can be attributed to compositional factors. Parallel results on gender differences in housework were obtained from the National Survey of Families and Households estimate data, even though these produce figures 50% higher than diary data. Regression results examining factors related to wives' and husbands' housework hours show more support for the time-availability and relative-resource models of household production than for the gender perspective, although there is some support for the latter perspective as well.