Conformity pressures and gender resistance among transgendered individuals
Conformity pressures and gender resistance among transgendered individuals
复制标题
DOI：
10.1525/sp.1998.45.1.03x0158b
复制
发表时间：
1998-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Tewksbury, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gagne, P;Tewksbury, R
对跨性别者的研究往往来自医学、精神病学或越轨行为的视角，很少关注这些人所处的社会背景，也很少关注他们抵制对性和性别的规范性期望的努力。基于对65名男性到女性的跨性别个体的深入访谈，本研究探讨了性别作为一种社会制度。专注于个人所经历的压力，以保持二元制定的性别，我们展示了性别的机构是如何被视为理所当然的社会生活的一个大概自然的方面。社会压力，以符合，经验丰富的愿望，关系维护和自我保护，以及压倒性的需要，以实现身份，不PI的二元系统中的性别和性别，阐明了性别的阻力和一致性中表现出的个人在我们的样本。我们的分析是植根于一个扩展的福柯的角度，结合当代女权主义者的理论见解，认为社会行动者在日常的阻力的发展和制定的积极代理人。跨性别主义是一种话语行为，既挑战又具体化了二元性别体系。因此，它提供了关于性别的权力动态以及如何抵制这种系统的重要教训。
Research on transgendered individuals has tended to come from medical, psychiatric, or deviance perspectives, with little attention to the social context in which these individuals exist or their efforts to resist normative expectations of sex and gender. Based upon in-depth interviews with 65 masculine-to-feminine transgendered individuals, this research examines gender as a social institution. Focusing on the pressures experienced by individuals to maintain binary enactments of gender, we demonstrate how the institution of gender is taken for granted as a presumably natural aspect of social life. Social pressures to conform, experienced as desires for relationship maintenance and self-preservation, as well as the overwhelming need to actualize an identity that does not pi within the binary system of sex and gender, illuminate the gender resistance and conformity exhibited among the individuals in our sample. Our analysis is rooted in an expanded Foucauldian perspective incorporating the theoretical insights of contemporary feminists who consider social actors as active agents in the development and enactment of everyday resistance. Transgenderism is a discursive act that both challenges and reifies the binary gender system. As such, it provides important lessons about the power dynamics of gender and how such systems may and may Not be resisted.