Catalytic conversion of carbohydrates into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural by germanium(IV) chloride in ionic liquids.
Catalytic conversion of carbohydrates into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural by germanium(IV) chloride in ionic liquids.
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DOI：
10.1002/cssc.201000279
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发表时间：
2010-12
期刊：
影响因子：
8.4
通讯作者：
Zehui Zhang;Qian Wang-;Haibo Xie;Wujun Liu;Z. Zhao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Zehui Zhang;Qian Wang-;Haibo Xie;Wujun Liu;Z. Zhao
研究了离子液体中氯化锗催化碳水化合物直接转化为5-羟甲基糠醛（HMF）的反应过程。单糖D-果糖和D-葡萄糖，二糖蔗糖和麦芽糖，甚至多糖纤维素在温和条件下以良好的产率成功地转化为HMF（在果糖的情况下，在5分钟内产率高达92%）。离子液体的结构、催化剂的负载量、反应温度和水含量对该催化体系有显著的影响。在葡萄糖脱水过程中添加5 μ m分子筛导致HMF产率从38.4%增加到48.4%。以D-葡萄糖-2-C为底物，在不同反应条件下原位获得的C核磁共振谱，提出了氯化锗催化葡萄糖转化为HMF的反应机理。
Direct conversion of carbohydrates into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) catalyzed by germanium(IV) chloride in ionic liquids has been investigated in search of an efficient and environmentally friendly process. Monosaccharides D-fructose and D-glucose, disaccharides sucrose and maltose, and even the polysaccharide cellulose were successfully converted into HMF with good yields under mild conditions (yield up to 92 % in 5 min in the case of fructose). The structure of ionic liquids, catalyst loading, reaction temperature and water content had noticeable effects on this catalytic system. Addition of 5 Å molecular sieves during the dehydration of glucose resulted in an increase in HMF yield from 38.4 % to 48.4 %. A mechanism for glucose conversion to HMF catalyzed by germanium(IV) chloride was proposed according to ¹³C NMR spectra obtained in situ under different conditions using D-glucose-2-¹³C as the substrate.