Reaching Adolescent Gay, Bisexual, and Queer Men Online: Development and Refinement of a National Recruitment Strategy
Reaching Adolescent Gay, Bisexual, and Queer Men Online: Development and Refinement of a National Recruitment Strategy
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DOI：
10.2196/jmir.5602
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发表时间：
2016-08-01
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
Ybarra, Michele L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Prescott, Tonya L.;Phillips, Gregory, II;Ybarra, Michele L.
背景资料：使用社交网站招募研究参与者越来越多地记录在文献中，虽然很少有研究利用这些网站，以达到那些年龄小于18 years.Objective：讨论的发展和完善的招聘协议，达到和从事青少年同性恋，双性恋，和其他十几岁的男性与男性发生性关系（AGBM）。参与者被招募的发展和评估活动有关的Guy 2Guy，一个文本消息为基础的人类免疫缺陷病毒感染prevention programme.Methods：资格标准包括14至18岁之间，是一个cisgender男性，自我认同为同性恋，双性恋，和/或酷儿;会说英语，只拥有一部手机，参加了一个无限制的短信计划，打算在未来6个月内保留他们目前的电话号码，并且在过去的6个月里使用过短信。招募经验和随后的步骤，以完善基于互联网的招募策略进行了讨论的4项研究活动：在线焦点小组，内容咨询团队，β测试，随机对照试验（RCT）。招聘主要依靠Facebook广告。在较小程度上，谷歌AdWords和推广通过合作伙伴组织与AGBM youth也utilized.Results：Facebook的广告策略定期调整预先确定的招聘目标的基础上，种族，民族，城乡居住，性经验。结果是一个多样化的参与者样本，其中30%属于少数民族，20%是西班牙裔。Facebook广告是最具成本效益的方法，也能够达到多样化的招募目标：第一个焦点小组的招募费用平均为每位注册参与者2.50美元，招募40名参与者需要9天;第二个焦点小组的招募费用平均为每位注册参与者6.96美元，招募40名参与者需要11天。第一个内容咨询团队的招聘费用平均为每位注册参与者32.52美元;第二个团队的招聘费用为每位参与者29.52美元。两次招募活动都需要10天时间才能招募到24名参与者。在beta测试中，招募每位参与者的平均费用为17.19美元，完成20名参与者的招募需要16天。对于随机对照试验，招募费用平均为12.54美元，招募302名参与者需要148天。谷歌AdWords广告活动没有导致任何登记的参与者的研究人员都知道。结论：基于互联网的战略可以是一种具有成本效益的手段，招募和留住难以到达的人口来自全国各地。通过对参与者人口统计特征的实时监测，可以实现多样化的样本。虽然Facebook广告在这项研究中特别成功，但在未来的研究中可以探索其他社交媒体策略，因为这些媒体不断变化。
Background: Using social networking websites to recruit research participants is increasingly documented in the literature, although few studies have leveraged these sites to reach those younger than 18 years.Objective: To discuss the development and refinement of a recruitment protocol to reach and engage adolescent gay, bisexual, and other teenaged men who have sex with men (AGBM). Participants were recruited for development and evaluation activities related to Guy2Guy, a text messaging-based human immunodeficiency virus infection prevention program.Methods: Eligibility criteria included being between 14 to 18 years old; being a cisgender male; self-identifying as gay, bisexual, and/or queer; being literate in English, exclusively owning a cell phone, enrolled in an unlimited text messaging plan, intending to keep their current phone number over the next 6 months, and having used text messaging for at least the past 6 months. Recruitment experiences and subsequent steps to refine the Internet-based recruitment strategy are discussed for 4 research activities: online focus groups, content advisory team, beta test, and randomized controlled trial (RCT). Recruitment relied primarily on Facebook advertising. To a lesser extent, Google AdWords and promotion through partner organizations working with AGBM youth were also utilized.Results: Facebook advertising strategies were regularly adjusted based on preidentified recruitment targets for race, ethnicity, urban-rural residence, and sexual experience. The result was a diverse sample of participants, of whom 30% belonged to a racial minority and 20% were Hispanic. Facebook advertising was the most cost-effective method, and it was also able to reach diverse recruitment goals: recruitment for the first focus group cost an average of US $2.50 per enrolled participant, and it took 9 days to enroll 40 participants; the second focus group cost an average of US $6.96 per enrolled participant, and it took 11 days to enroll 40 participants. Recruitment for the first content advisory team cost an average of US $32.52 per enrolled participant; the second cost US $29.52 per participant. Both recruitment drives required 10 days to enroll 24 participants. For the beta test, recruitment cost an average of US $17.19 per enrolled participant, and it took 16 days to complete enrollment of 20 participants. For the RCT, recruitment cost an average of US $12.54 per enrolled participant, and it took 148 days to enroll 302 participants. Google AdWords campaigns did not result in any enrolled participants of whom the research staff members were aware.Conclusions: Internet-based strategies can be a cost-efficient means to recruit and retain hard-to-reach populations from across the country. With real-time monitoring of participant demographic characteristics, diverse samples can be achieved. Although Facebook advertising was particularly successful in this study, alternative social media strategies can be explored in future research as these media are ever-changing.