Immune responses to duck hepatitis B virus infection
Immune responses to duck hepatitis B virus infection
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DOI：
10.1016/s0145-305x(99)00079-8
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发表时间：
2000-03-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Kotlarski, I
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jilbert, AR;Kotlarski, I
鸭B型肝炎病毒（DHBV）是第一个从禽类宿主中发现的B型肝炎病毒。它是嗜肝DNA病毒科病毒家族的成员。该家族的所有成员都显示出相似的基因组组织和复制策略，并引起导致短暂（急性）或持续感染的物种特异性感染。嗜肝DNA病毒感染主要发生在肝脏中的肝细胞中，伴随感染性病毒体和非感染性“空”表面抗原颗粒释放到血流中。嗜肝DNA病毒复制是非致细胞病变的，并且对病毒抗原的免疫应答被认为是在短暂和持续感染中观察到的肝损伤以及从感染细胞中清除病毒的原因。这为在人类B型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染的高风险个体中使用疫苗和预防性治疗提供了基础。因此，详细了解在短暂和持续感染期间诱导的免疫反应可能有助于开发更有效的方法来治疗持续感染患者的免疫治疗，也可能提供一种减少与这种感染相关的肝损伤的方法，而不会降低消除病毒所需的免疫力的有效性。对嗜肝DNA病毒感染的免疫应答主要在人类中研究，在自然感染HBV后，但也用土拨鼠肝炎病毒（WHV）和DHBV模型进行了研究。本文综述了近年来关于DHBV感染后免疫应答的研究进展。(C)2000爱思唯尔科技有限公司版权所有。
The duck hepatitis B virus (DHBV) was the first hepatitis B virus identified from an avian host. It is a member of the Hepadnaviridae family of viruses. All members of this family display similar genomic organization and replication strategies and cause species-specific infections that result in either transient (acute) or persistent infection. Hepadnavirus infection occurs primarily in hepatocytes in the liver with release of infectious virions and noninfectious 'empty' surface antigen particles into the bloodstream. Hepadnavirus replication is non-cytopathic and immune responses to viral antigens are thought to be responsible for the liver damage seen in both transient and persistent infection and for the clearance of virus from infected cells. This has provided the basis for the use of vaccines and prophylactic treatments for individuals at high risk of human hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. It follows that detailed understanding of the immune responses induced during transient and persistent infection may well facilitate the development of more effective approaches to immunotherapy in patients with persistent infection and may also provide a means of reducing the liver damage associated with this infection, without reducing the effectiveness of the immunity required to eliminate the virus. Immune responses to hepadnavirus infection have been studied primarily in humans, following natural infection with HBV, but studies have also been performed with the woodchuck hepatitis virus (WHV) and the DHBV models. This manuscript reviews the recent studies of immune responses to DHBV infection. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.