Mechanistic roles of tyrosine phosphorylation in reversible amyloids, autoinhibition, and endosomal membrane association of ALIX.

Mechanistic roles of tyrosine phosphorylation in reversible amyloids, autoinhibition, and endosomal membrane association of ALIX.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101328
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发表时间:
2021-11
期刊:
The Journal of biological chemistry
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Deshmukh L
Deshmukh L
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Elias RD;Ramaraju B;Deshmukh L

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人类凋亡相关基因-2相互作用蛋白X(Alix)是一种功能广泛的适配蛋白,通过与Src激酶的相互作用,在晚期内吞体膜和胞浆之间穿梭,调节重要的细胞过程。在这里,我们研究了这些转变的分子基础,以及酪氨酸磷酸化对Alix结构、组装以及分子内和分子间相互作用的影响。透射电子显微镜、荧光和圆二色谱证明,编码多个细胞伙伴结合表位的Alix富含脯氨酸结构域形成了绳状的富含β片层的可逆淀粉样蛋白纤维,在Src介导的磷酸化过程中溶解,在蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶1B介导的保守酪氨酸残基的去磷酸化过程中恢复。用溶液核磁共振波谱分析Alix的Bro1结构域,阐明了由于其被Src磷酸化而引起的构象变化,并证实了Bro1通过其高度碱性的表面与过度磷酸化的富含脯氨酸的结构域以及晚期内膜的类似物结合。这些结果揭示了Alix重新定位到胞浆中的自抑制机制,以及酪氨酸磷酸化在Alix的细胞和膜功能中所起的不同作用。
Human apoptosis-linked gene-2 interacting protein X (ALIX), a versatile adapter protein, regulates essential cellular processes by shuttling between late endosomal membranes and the cytosol, determined by its interactions with Src kinase. Here, we investigate the molecular basis of these transitions and the effects of tyrosine phosphorylation on the interplay between structure, assembly, and intramolecular and intermolecular interactions of ALIX. As evidenced by transmission electron microscopy, fluorescence and circular dichroism spectroscopy, the proline-rich domain of ALIX, which encodes binding epitopes of multiple cellular partners, formed rope-like β-sheet–rich reversible amyloid fibrils that dissolved upon Src-mediated phosphorylation and were restored on protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1B–mediated dephosphorylation of its conserved tyrosine residues. Analyses of the Bro1 domain of ALIX by solution NMR spectroscopy elucidated the conformational changes originating from its phosphorylation by Src and established that Bro1 binds to hyperphosphorylated proline-rich domain and to analogs of late endosomal membranes via its highly basic surface. These results uncover the autoinhibition mechanism that relocates ALIX to the cytosol and the diverse roles played by tyrosine phosphorylation in cellular and membrane functions of ALIX.
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