What happens in Vegas, stays in your lungs: an assessment of fine particulate matter in casinos that prohibit and allow smoking in Las Vegas, Nevada, USA.
What happens in Vegas, stays in your lungs: an assessment of fine particulate matter in casinos that prohibit and allow smoking in Las Vegas, Nevada, USA.
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拉斯维加斯发生的事情留在你的肺部：对美国内华达州拉斯维加斯禁止和允许吸烟的赌场内细颗粒物的评估。
DOI：
10.1136/tc-2022-057861
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Harris,JeffreyR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tynan,MichaelA;Cohen,MartinA;Harris,JeffreyR
尽管在采纳无烟政策方面取得了进展，但在美国的一些州，包括内华达州，赌场内吸烟是允许的。2020年，拉斯维加斯一家度假式赌场首次主动禁烟。这项研究是第一个评估在这个赌场的空气质量和比较结果与类似的赌场，允许smoking.MethodsA实时个人气溶胶监测评估颗粒物直径<2.5微米（PM2.5），替代二手烟（SHS）。PM2.5是在八个拉斯维加斯赌场测量的，包括无烟赌场。每个赌场被访问了两次，并在允许吸烟的游戏区和吸烟的地区，否则prohibited.ResultsAverage PM2.5水平进行了评估，在赌场，允许吸烟，赌场游戏区和吸烟的地区，否则禁止（p<0.05）。在允许吸烟的赌场，博彩区的平均PM2.5为164.9 µg/m3，无烟赌场为30.5 µg/m3。平均PM2.5在禁止吸烟的区域是83.2 μg/m3在赌场允许吸烟的游戏区，和48.1 μg/m3在无烟casino.ConclusionDespite强有力的证据关于SHS的危害，数以万计的赌场员工和数以千万计的游客暴露于高水平的SHS在拉斯维加斯赌场每年，与无烟赌场相比，博彩区的PM2.5水平高出5.4倍。保护人们免受SHS暴露的唯一方法是禁止在所有室内区域吸烟。
IntroductionDespite progress in adoption of smoke-free policies, smoking in casinos is allowed in some US states, including Nevada. In 2020, for the first time, a resort-style casino in Las Vegas prohibited smoking voluntarily. This study is the first to assess air quality in this casino and compare results with similar casinos that allow smoking.MethodsA real-time personal aerosol monitor evaluated particulate matter with a diameter <2.5 µm (PM2.5), a surrogate for secondhand smoke (SHS). PM2.5 was measured at eight Las Vegas casinos, including the smoke-free casino. Each casino was visited twice, and PM2.5 was assessed in smoking-permitted gaming areas and areas where smoking is otherwise prohibited.ResultsAverage PM2.5 levels were significantly higher in casinos that allow smoking, for both casino gaming areas and areas where smoking is otherwise prohibited (p<0.05). Mean PM2.5 in gaming areas was 164.9 µg/m3in casinos that allow smoking and 30.5 µg/m3in the smoke-free casino. Mean PM2.5 in areas where smoking is otherwise prohibited was 83.2 µg/m3in casinos which allowed smoking in gaming areas, and 48.1 µg/m3in the smoke-free casino.ConclusionDespite robust evidence about the harms of SHS, tens of thousands of casino employees and tens of millions of tourists are exposed to high levels of SHS in Las Vegas casinos annually, with PM2.5 levels 5.4 times higher in gaming areas when compared with a smoke-free casino. The only way to protect people from SHS exposure is to prohibit smoking in all indoor areas.