Annual report on status of cancer in China, 2010
Annual report on status of cancer in China, 2010
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DOI：
10.3978/j.issn.1000-9604.2014.01.08
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发表时间：
2014-02-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
He, Jie
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chen, Wanqing;Zheng, Rongshou;He, Jie
目的：2010年全国肿瘤登记中心（NCCR）收集、评价和分析全国肿瘤登记资料。方法：收集2010年全国219个肿瘤登记机构上报的肿瘤发病和死亡数据。根据NCCR的数据质量标准对所有数据进行检查和评价。2010年，共有145个登记处的数据合格并被接受用于癌症统计。汇总数据按城市/农村、地区、性别、年龄组和癌症部位分层。癌症发病病例和死亡是使用特定年龄的发病率和全国人口来估计的。计算2000年中国人口普查各年龄组前10位常见恶性肿瘤的发病率、构成比和累积发病率，并采用Segi's人口年龄标化发病率/死亡率。所有145个癌症登记处（63个在城市，82个在农村）共覆盖158，403，248人（92，433，739人在城市，65，969，509人在农村）。2010年，新的癌症病例和癌症死亡人数估计分别为3，093，039和1，956，622。形态学证实的病例（MV%）占67.11%，仅通过死亡证明（DCO%）确定的事件病例占2.99%，死亡/发病比（M/I）为0.61。粗发病率为235.23/10万（男性268.65/10万，女性200.21/10万），中国标准人群年龄标化发病率按ASIRC（2000）和世界标准人群（ASIRW）分别为184.58/10万和181.49/10万，累积发病率（0-74岁）为21.11%。城市地区癌症发病率和ASIRC分别为256.41/10万和187.53/10万，农村地区分别为213.71/10万和181.10/10万。中国恶性肿瘤粗死亡率为148.81/10万（男性186.37/10万，女性109.42/10万），中国标准人群年龄标化发病率按ASMRC（2000）和ASMRW（世界标准人群）分别为113.92/10万和112.86/10万，累积发病率（0-74岁）为12.78%。城市恶性肿瘤死亡率和ASMRC分别为156.14/10万和109.21/10万，农村分别为141.35/10万和119.00/10万。肺癌、胃癌、结直肠癌、肝癌、食管癌、胰腺癌、脑瘤、淋巴瘤、女性乳腺癌和宫颈癌是最常见的癌症，占城市和农村地区所有癌症病例的75%。肺癌、胃癌、肝癌、食管癌、结直肠癌、胰腺癌、乳腺癌、脑瘤、白血病和淋巴瘤等恶性肿瘤死亡占全部恶性肿瘤死亡的80%。结论：肿瘤登记人口覆盖率增长迅速，能够反映各地区、各人群的肿瘤负担。肿瘤登记作为肿瘤防治工作的基础，在肿瘤流行病学监测、肿瘤防治方案评估、制定抗癌策略等方面发挥着不可替代的作用。中国正面临严重的癌症负担，应加强预防和控制。
Objective: Population-based cancer registration data in 2010 were collected, evaluated and analyzed by the National Central Cancer Registry (NCCR) of China. Cancer incident new cases and cancer deaths were estimated.Methods: There were 219 cancer registries submitted cancer incidence and death data in 2010. All data were checked and evaluated on basis of the criteria of data quality from NCCR. Total 145 registries' data were qualified and accepted for cancer statistics in 2010. Pooled data were stratified by urban/rural, area, sex, age group and cancer site. Cancer incident cases and deaths were estimated using age-specific rates and national population. The top ten common cancers in different groups, proportion and cumulative rate were also calculated Chinese census in 2000 and Segi's population were used for age-standardized incidence/mortality rates.Results: All 145 cancer registries (63 in urban and 82 in rural) covered a total of 158,403,248 population (92,433,739 in urban and 65,969,509 in rural areas). The estimates of new cancer incident cases and cancer deaths were 3,093,039 and 1,956,622 in 2010, respectively. The morphology verified cases (MV%) accounted for 67.11% and 2.99% of incident cases were identified through death certifications only (DCO%) with mortality to incidence ratio (M/I) of 0.61. The crude incidence rate was 235.23/100,000 (268.65/100,000 in males, 200.21/100,000 in females), age-standardized incidence rates by Chinese standard population (ASIRC, 2000) and by world standard population (ASIRW) were 184.58/100,000 and 181.49/100,000 with the cumulative incidence rate (0-74 years old) of 21.11%. The cancer incidence and ASIRC were 256.41/100,000 and 187.53/100,000 in urban areas whereas in rural areas, they were 213.71/100,000 and 181.10/100,000, respectively. The crude cancer mortality in China was 148.81/100,000 (186.37/100,000 in males and 109.42/100,000 in females), age-standardized incidence rates by Chinese standard population (ASMRC, 2000) and by world standard population (ASMRW) were 113.92/100,000 and 112.86/100,000, and the cumulative incidence rate (0-74 years old) was 12.78%. The cancer mortality and ASMRC were 156.14/100,000 and 109.21/100,000 in urban areas, whereas in rural areas, they were 141.35/100,000 and 119.00/100,000 respectively. Lung cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, liver cancer, esophageal cancer, pancreas cancer, encephaloma, lymphoma, female breast cancer and cervical cancer, were the most common cancers, accounting for 75% of all cancer cases in urban and rural areas. Lung cancer, gastric cancer, liver cancer, esophageal cancer, colorectal cancer, pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, encephaloma, leukemia and lymphoma accounted for 80% of all cancer deaths.Conclusions: The coverage of cancer registration population had a rapid increase and could reflect cancer burden in each area and population. As the basis of cancer control program, cancer registry plays an irreplaceable role in cancer epidemic surveillance, evaluation of cancer control programs and making anticancer strategy. China is facing serious cancer burden and prevention and control should be enhanced.