Observations on Spatial Heterogeneity of Surface Chlorophyll in one and two Dimensions
Observations on Spatial Heterogeneity of Surface Chlorophyll in one and two Dimensions
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表面叶绿素一维和二维空间异质性观测
DOI：
10.1017/s0025315400028149
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发表时间：
1978
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
J. Horwood
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Horwood
我相信，我不会因为说，一般来说，汉森和海克尔之间的争论已经解决了而受到批评。Hensen（1887，1895）认为浮游生物的真正空间和时间异质性可以通过仔细测量和方差分析来解决。海克尔（1893）认为这些分析可能会提供比现有数据更多的信息。我们目前对空间异质性的理解及其分析，并没有导致我们不同意这两种观点。一些海洋生态学家进行的调查表明，浮游植物存在大规模的空间变化。在许多其他研究中，这一特征可以在英格兰东北海岸（库欣，1955）、英吉利海峡和凯尔特海（库欣，1957; Pingree et al.，1976）、苏格兰海岸（亚当斯，Baird & Dunn，1975，1976）和荷兰海岸（Gieskes & Kraay，1975）的研究中看到。然而，对非均匀分布进行抽样的统计远非简单，例如密度的估计可能会受到样本大小的极大影响（例如Greig-Smith，1964; Cassie，1963）。班布里奇（Bainbridge，1957）总结了他的评论，他说，斑块发生在所有尺度上，从几英尺到30或40英里乘120或180英里。我们目前对海洋湍流性质的理解将把他的几英尺减少到几厘米。
I trust that I will not be criticized for saying that, in general, the argument between Hensen and Haeckel has been resolved. Hensen (1887, 1895) believed that true spatial and temporal heterogeneity of the plankton could be resolved by careful measurement and analyses of variance. Haeckel (1893) thought these analyses might give more information than the data possessed. Our present understanding of spatial heterogeneity, and its analysis, does not lead us to disagree with either. Investigations carried out by a number of marine ecologists have shown large-scale spatial variations in phytoplankton. Amongst many others, this feature can be seen in studies off the northeast coast of England (Cushing, 1955), in the English Channel and Celtic Sea (Cushing, 1957; Pingree et al. 1976), off Scotland (Adams, Baird & Dunn, 1975,1976) and off the coast of the Netherlands (Gieskes & Kraay, 1975). Nevertheless the statistics of sampling heterogeneous distributions is far from simple, estimates of density for instance can be greatly influenced by the sample size (e.g. Greig-Smith, 1964; Cassie, 1963). Bainbridge (1957) summarized his review by saying that patches occurred on all scales from a few feet to as much as 30 or 40 miles by 120 or 180 miles. Our present understanding of the nature of turbulence in the sea would reduce his few feet to centimetres.