A Spatial, Social and Environmental Study of Tuberculosis in China Using Statistical and GIS Technology
A Spatial, Social and Environmental Study of Tuberculosis in China Using Statistical and GIS Technology
复制标题
利用统计和地理信息系统技术对中国结核病进行空间、社会和环境研究
DOI：
10.3390/ijerph120201425
复制
发表时间：
2015-02-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Zhou, Yang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sun, Wenyi;Gong, Jianhua;Zhou, Yang
结核病仍然是中国的一大公共卫生问题，其发病率表现出一定的地区差异。对影响结核病的社会和环境因素进行系统调查对于预防和控制该病是必要的。病例数据来自中国疾病预防控制中心。使用探索性因素分析(EFA)，将社会和环境变量列成表格，以调查数据的潜在因素结构。采用偏最小二乘路径模型分析各因素与结核病患病率之间的复杂因果关系和滞后效应。使用地理加权回归(GWR)模型来探索因素与结核病患病率之间的局部关联。EFA和PLS-PM表明结核病患病率与其潜在因素之间存在显著关联。其中，海拔、经度、气候、教育负担起着重要作用；第一产业就业、人口密度、空气质量、经济水平具有不同滞后时间的滞后性；医疗服务和失业发挥的作用有限，但滞后性有限。此外，GWR模型显示，每个潜在因素对不同地区的结核病流行有不同的影响。要根据当地特定因素的区域效应，制定中国结核病防治的区域性措施和策略。
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health problem in China, and its incidence shows certain regional disparities. Systematic investigations of the social and environmental factors influencing TB are necessary for the prevention and control of the disease. Data on cases were obtained from the Chinese Center for Disease and Prevention. Social and environmental variables were tabulated to investigate the latent factor structure of the data using exploratory factor analysis (EFA). Partial least square path modeling (PLS-PM) was used to analyze the complex causal relationship and hysteresis effects between the factors and TB prevalence. A geographically weighted regression (GWR) model was used to explore the local association between factors and TB prevalence. EFA and PLS-PM indicated significant associations between TB prevalence and its latent factors. Altitude, longitude, climate, and education burden played an important role; primary industry employment, population density, air quality, and economic level had hysteresis with different lag time; health service and unemployment played a limited role but had limited hysteresis. Additionally, the GWR model showed that each latent factor had different effects on TB prevalence in different areas. It is necessary to formulate regional measures and strategies for TB control and prevention in China according to the local regional effects of specific factors.