An assessment of bias and uncertainty in recorded dose from external sources of radiation for workers at the Hanford Site
An assessment of bias and uncertainty in recorded dose from external sources of radiation for workers at the Hanford Site
复制标题
对汉福德工厂工作人员外部辐射源记录剂量的偏差和不确定性进行评估
DOI：
10.2172/10177505
复制
发表时间：
1994
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
W. Baumgartner
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Fix;E. Gilbert;W. Baumgartner
工作人员剂量估计用于核工作人员的流行病学研究。这些研究的一个主要目标是直接评估低剂量和剂量率接触电离辐射的致癌风险。如果工作人员数据分析中使用的剂量估计存在偏差，那么每单位剂量表达的风险估计也会存在偏差。此外，剂量估计中的随机误差可能导致风险系数的低估，也可能扭曲剂量反应分析。对包括汉福德在内的核工作者研究的数据分析通常没有针对剂量估计中的偏差和不确定性进行调整，部分原因是缺乏关于这些偏差和不确定性的性质和程度的足够信息。本报告描述了一种用于评估汉福德剂量测定系统辐射剂量偏差和不确定性的方法。该方法可以被视为美国国家科学院 (NAS) 任命的技术委员会所进行的工作的详细阐述，用于量化 1945 年至 1962 年间因核武器大气试验而暴露于辐射的人员估计剂量的偏差和不确定性。此外，还进行了实验室研究，以测量由汉福德剂量计系统的角响应特性产生的选定光子辐射源的偏差。对大于 100 keV 的光子辐射的偏差和不确定性进行了总体评估。汉福德工人记录的绝大多数剂量预计是由这种辐射造成的。« less
Worker dose estimates are used in epidemiologic studies of nuclear workers. A major objective of these studies is to provide a direct assessment of the carcinogenic risk of exposure to ionizing radiation at low doses and dose rates. If dose estimates used in analyses of worker data are biased, then risk estimates expressed per unit of dose will also be biased. In addition, random error in dose estimates may lead to underestimation of risk coefficients and can also distort dose-response analyses. Analyses of data from nuclear worker studies, including Hanford, have typically not been adjusted for biases and uncertainties in dose estimates in part because of the lack of adequate information on the nature and magnitude of these biases and uncertainties. This report describes an approach used to assess bias and uncertainty in radiation dose for Hanford dosimetry systems. The approach can be considered as an elaboration of work conducted by a technical committee appointed by the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) used to quantify the bias and uncertainty in estimated doses for personnel exposed to radiation as a result of atmospheric testing of nuclear weapons between 1945 and 1962. In addition, laboratory studies were conducted to measure bias formore » selected sources of photon radiation resulting from angular response characteristics of Hanford dosimeter systems. An overall assessment is presented of bias and uncertainty for photon radiation greater than 100 keV. This radiation is expected to have caused the vast majority of recorded dose for Hanford workers.« less