Trends in child marriage and new evidence on the selective impact of changes in age-at-marriage laws on early marriage.
Trends in child marriage and new evidence on the selective impact of changes in age-at-marriage laws on early marriage.
复制标题
童婚趋势和关于结婚年龄法律变化对早婚的选择性影响的新证据。
DOI：
10.1016/j.ssmph.2021.100811
复制
发表时间：
2021-06
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Pesando LM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Batyra E;Pesando LM
这项研究采用队列观点来探讨童婚的趋势--定义为18岁之前首次结婚的女孩的比例--以及旨在通过提高最低法定结婚年龄来遏制童婚的政策变化的有效性。我们采用了跨国视角，对过去20年中引入最低结婚年龄变化的六个中低收入国家(LMIC)进行了比较。这些国家属于三大区域：撒哈拉以南非洲(贝宁、毛里塔尼亚)、中亚(塔吉克斯坦、哈萨克斯坦)和南亚(尼泊尔、不丹)。我们将人口与健康调查和多指标类集调查的个人数据与人口健康、公平和负责任发展的政策相关观察研究项目的政策变化的纵向信息结合起来。我们采用数据可视化技术和回归不连续设计来估计婚龄法变化对早婚的影响。我们的结果表明，在贝宁、毛里塔尼亚、哈萨克斯坦和不丹，最低结婚年龄法律的变化在遏制早婚方面并不有效，这些国家的童婚在队列中几乎没有下降的证据。塔吉克斯坦和尼泊尔实施法律后早婚人数大幅减少，但其有效性取决于所采用的模式规格和窗口，因此，作为影响女孩晚年生活轨迹的政策，这些措施很难奏效。我们的发现与来自其他国家的现有证据一致，这些证据表明，改变结婚年龄法律很少能达到预期的结果。为了使法律修改有效，必须在更好的法律的同时加强执法和监测，以推迟结婚并保护妇女和女孩的权利。需要制定替代政策，以确保确保、鼓励和保护女孩的晚年生活成果，包括她们参与高等教育和社会。适婚年龄法律的变化对推迟结婚年龄的影响有限。在贝宁、毛里塔尼亚、哈萨克斯坦和不丹，法律没有限制早婚。在塔吉克斯坦和尼泊尔，结果取决于型号规格。在执行适婚年龄法的同时，必须加强执法。
This study adopts a cohort perspective to explore trends in child marriage – defined as the proportion of girls who entered first union before the age of 18 – and the effectiveness of policy changes aimed at curbing child marriage by increasing the minimum legal age of marriage. We adopt a cross-national perspective comparing six low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) that introduced changes in the minimum age at marriage over the past two decades. These countries belong to three broad regions: Sub-Saharan Africa (Benin, Mauritania), Central Asia (Tajikistan, Kazakhstan), and South Asia (Nepal, Bhutan). We combine individual-level data from Demographic and Health Surveys and Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys with longitudinal information on policy changes from the PROSPERED (Policy-Relevant Observational Studies for Population Health Equity and Responsible Development) project. We adopt data visualization techniques and a regression discontinuity design to obtain estimates of the effect of changes in age-at-marriage laws on early marriage. Our results suggest that changes in minimum-age-at-marriage laws were not effective in curbing early marriage in Benin, Mauritania, Kazakhstan, and Bhutan, where child marriage showed little evidence of decline across cohorts. Significant reductions in early marriage following law implementations were observed in Tajikistan and Nepal, yet their effectiveness depended on the model specification and window adopted, thus making them hardly effective as policies to shape girls' later life trajectories. Our findings align with existing evidence from other countries suggesting that changes in age-at-marriage laws rarely achieve the desired outcome. In order for changes in laws to be effective, better laws must be accompanied by better enforcement and monitoring to delay marriage and protect the rights of women and girls. Alternative policies need to be devised to ensure that girls’ later-life outcomes, including their participation in higher education and society, are ensured, encouraged, and protected. Changes in age-at-marriage laws have only a limited impact on delaying marriage age. In Benin, Mauritania, Kazakhstan and Bhutan, laws did not curb early marriage. In Tajikistan and Nepal results depend on model specification. Better enforcement must accompany the implementation of the age-at-marriage laws.
登录
查看更多内容
DOI：
10.1016/j.ijedudev.2015.06.001
发表时间：
2015-09-01
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Delprato, Marcos;Akyeampong, Kwame;Hernandez-Fernandez, Jimena
通讯作者：
Hernandez-Fernandez, Jimena
影响因子：
7.6
作者：
Godha, Deepali;Hotchkiss, David R.;Gage, Anastasia J.
通讯作者：
Gage, Anastasia J.
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Kim, Minzee;Longhofer, Wesley;Brehm, Hollie Nyseth
通讯作者：
Brehm, Hollie Nyseth
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Efevbera, Yvette;Bhabha, Jacqueline;Fink, Guenther
通讯作者：
Fink, Guenther
影响因子：
168.9
作者：
Baird, Sarah J.;Garfein, Richard S.;Oezler, Berk
通讯作者：
Oezler, Berk