Evolution in ecological field experiments: implications for effect size.
Evolution in ecological field experiments: implications for effect size.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/j.1461-0248.2007.01128.x
复制
发表时间：
2008-03
期刊：
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
S. Strauss;J. Lau;T. Schoener;P. Tiffin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Strauss;J. Lau;T. Schoener;P. Tiffin
无可争议地记录了针对强选择的快速进化，其中大部分是人类引起的。从这个角度来看，我们认为适应可能会影响生态田间实验中治疗的效果大小，并改变我们对生态系统未来动态的预测。田间实验通常会在多代中施加非常强烈且一致的选择。重点人群可能会适应这些治疗，并在此过程中随着时间的推移增加或减少治疗效果的程度。我们认为，效应大小如何随时间变化将取决于实验群体的进化历史、实验操作的类型以及适应性反应所涉及的特征。虽然没有实地研究最终证明进化对治疗的反应伴随着生态效应大小的变化，但我们提出了几个例子，提供了强有力的间接证据证明这种效应的发生。最后，我们考虑了塑料和遗传对治疗的反应之间的差异，并讨论了将适应与生态效应大小联系起来的未来研究方向。
Rapid evolution in response to strong selection, much of which is human-induced, has been indisputably documented. In this perspective, we suggest that adaptation may influence the effect size of treatments in ecological field experiments and alter our predictions of future dynamics in ecological systems. Field experiments often impose very strong and consistent selection over multiple generations. Focal populations may adapt to these treatments and, in the process, increase or decrease the magnitude of the treatment effect through time. We argue that how effect size changes through time will depend on the evolutionary history of the experimental population, the type of experimental manipulation, and the traits involved in adaptive responses. While no field study has conclusively demonstrated evolution in response to treatments with concomitant changes in ecological effect size, we present several examples that provide strong circumstantial evidence that such effects occur. We conclude with a consideration of the differences between plastic and genetic responses to treatments and discuss future research directions linking adaptation to ecological effect size.