Cellular and molecular biology of airway mucins.
Cellular and molecular biology of airway mucins.
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DOI：
10.1016/b978-0-12-407697-6.00004-0
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Kim KC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lillehoj EP;Kato K;Lu W;Kim KC
气道粘液是一层薄薄的气道表面液体，含有大分子成分，覆盖在呼吸道的管腔表面。黏液的主要功能是通过黏毛清除吸入的外来颗粒和有毒化学物质来保护肺部。粘液是由水、离子、粘蛋白糖蛋白和其他多种大分子组成的，其中一些大分子具有抗微生物、抗蛋白酶和抗氧化活性。粘蛋白是粘液的主要蛋白质成分，以分泌糖蛋白和细胞相关糖蛋白的形式存在。分泌的凝胶状粘蛋白主要负责粘液的粘弹性，这对于有效清除粘纤毛至关重要。细胞相关粘蛋白通过其胞外结构域保护上皮表面免受病原体侵害，并通过其细胞质区域调节细胞内信号传导。然而，无论是粘蛋白糖蛋白的确切结构，还是它们的表达被调节的方式，都没有被完全理解。本章回顾了目前已知的气道粘蛋白的细胞和分子特性。
Airway mucus constitutes a thin layer of airway surface liquid with component macromolecules that covers the luminal surface of the respiratory tract. The major function of mucus is to protect the lungs through mucociliary clearance of inhaled foreign particles and noxious chemicals. Mucus is comprised of water, ions, mucin glycoproteins, and a variety of other macromolecules, some of which possess anti-microbial, anti-protease, and anti-oxidant activities. Mucins comprise the major protein component of mucus and exist as secreted and cell-associated glycoproteins. Secreted, gel-forming mucins are mainly responsible for the viscoelastic property of mucus, which is crucial for effective mucociliary clearance. Cell-associated mucins shield the epithelial surface from pathogens through their extracellular domains and regulate intracellular signaling through their cytoplasmic regions. However, neither the exact structures of mucin glycoproteins, nor the manner through which their expression is regulated, are completely understood. This chapter reviews what is currently known about the cellular and molecular properties of airway mucins.