The presence of knockdown resistance mutations reduces male mating competitiveness in the major arbovirus vector, Aedes aegypti.
The presence of knockdown resistance mutations reduces male mating competitiveness in the major arbovirus vector, Aedes aegypti.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pntd.0009121
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发表时间：
2021-03
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Devine GJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rigby LM;Johnson BJ;Rašić G;Peatey CL;Hugo LE;Beebe NW;Hartel GF;Devine GJ
蚊子对杀虫剂的抗药性的发展可能会对交配竞争和寄主位置等关键行为产生多重影响。记录这些影响对于了解杀虫剂抗性的动态和成本至关重要，并可能为研究人员促进旨在恢复或保护杀虫剂敏感性的媒介控制计划提供证据基础。我们评估了埃及伊蚊回交品系的行为变化，该品系是在完全易感的遗传背景中分离的两个击倒抗性(Kdr)突变(V1016G和S989P)的纯合子。我们比较了回交品系与其衍生的完全敏感和抗性亲本品系之间的叮咬活动、寄主定位行为、翅膀拍动频率(WBF)和交配竞争。纯合子kdr突变的存在对女性的血液亲和力、定位宿主的时间或WBF没有显著影响。然而，与分离的kdr基因有关，男性的平均WBF显著降低，估计的男性交配成功率显著降低(17.3%)。我们的结果表明，杀虫剂抗性的代价与孤立的kdr基因有关，并表现为雄性交配成功率的降低。虽然我们品系雌性之间的WBF没有记录的差异，但在我们的回交品系中，雄性WBF的显著减少可能有助于配偶识别和交配中断。抗性进化的这些后果，特别是当与前面描述的其他多效性适应成本相结合时，可能会鼓励在没有杀虫剂选择压力的情况下恢复敏感性。这为实施基于不同杀虫剂类别在空间和时间上的轮换或交替的抗药性管理战略提供了理由。埃及伊蚊是登革热、基孔肯雅热和寨卡病毒的主要传播媒介。它的控制在很大程度上依赖于杀虫剂的使用，但对这些化学物质的抗药性的快速演变损害了它们的效力。Ae.对杀虫剂敏感性的保护或恢复因此埃及伊蚊种群具有非常重要的意义。如果抗药性的演变伴随着适应成本，在缺乏杀虫剂的情况下有利于易感蚊子，则可以鼓励对杀虫剂的敏感性。这篇论文首次报道了交配成功率的减少与一种分离的突变直接相关，该突变赋予了Ae对杀虫剂的抗性。埃及伊蚊。这种行为的变化似乎与雄性翅膀拍打频率的变化有关。我们的结果为Ae中与抗药性有关的行为变化提供了证据。埃及伊蚊，表明在田间没有杀虫剂的情况下，敏感个体具有竞争优势。
The development of insecticide resistance in mosquitoes can have pleiotropic effects on key behaviours such as mating competition and host-location. Documenting these effects is crucial for understanding the dynamics and costs of insecticide resistance and may give researchers an evidence base for promoting vector control programs that aim to restore or conserve insecticide susceptibility. We evaluated changes in behaviour in a backcrossed strain of Aedes aegypti, homozygous for two knockdown resistance (kdr) mutations (V1016G and S989P) isolated in an otherwise fully susceptible genetic background. We compared biting activity, host location behaviours, wing beat frequency (WBF) and mating competition between the backcrossed strain, and the fully susceptible and resistant parental strains from which it was derived. The presence of the homozygous kdr mutations did not have significant effects on blood avidity, the time to locate a host, or WBF in females. There was, however, a significant reduction in mean WBF in males and a significant reduction in estimated male mating success (17.3%), associated with the isolated kdr genotype. Our results demonstrate a cost of insecticide resistance associated with an isolated kdr genotype and manifest as a reduction in male mating success. While there was no recorded difference in WBF between the females of our strains, the significant reduction in male WBF recorded in our backcrossed strain might contribute to mate-recognition and mating disruption. These consequences of resistance evolution, especially when combined with other pleiotropic fitness costs that have been previously described, may encourage reversion to susceptibility in the absence of insecticide selection pressures. This offers justification for the implementation of insecticide resistance management strategies based on the rotation or alternation of different insecticide classes in space and time. The mosquito Aedes aegypti is the main vector of dengue, chikungunya, and Zika. Its control relies heavily on the use of insecticides but the rapid evolution of resistance to these chemicals compromises their efficacy. The conservation or restoration of insecticide susceptibility in Ae. aegypti populations is therefore of great importance. Insecticide susceptibility can be encouraged if the evolution of resistance is accompanied by fitness costs that favour susceptible mosquitoes in the absence of insecticides. This paper documents the first report of a reduction in mating success directly associated with an isolated mutation that confers insecticide resistance in Ae. aegypti. This change in behaviour appears related to alterations in male wing-beat frequency. Our results provide evidence of behavioural changes related to insecticide resistance in Ae. aegypti, suggesting a competitive advantage of susceptible individuals in the absence of insecticides in the field.