Higher ingestion rates and importance of ciliates in the diet of a large, subarctic copepod revealed by larger volume incubations

Higher ingestion rates and importance of ciliates in the diet of a large, subarctic copepod revealed by larger volume incubations
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较大体积的孵化揭示了纤毛虫在大型亚北极桡足类饮食中的较高摄入率和重要性

DOI:
10.1002/lno.12310
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发表时间:
2023
影响因子:
4.5
通讯作者:
Nishibe Yuichiro
Nishibe Yuichiro
中科院分区:
地球科学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Takahashi Kazutaka;Ichinomiya Mutsuo;Okazaki Yuji;Nishibe Yuichiro

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尽管具有重要的生态学意义,但由于实验条件下的摄食率始终低于其代谢需求,大型鱿鱼类桡足动物新冠藻(Neocalanus cristatusis)的摄食生态学知之甚少。以前研究中使用的传统孵育瓶大小(~ 2升)可能影响了其摄食行为。在这里,我们研究了瓶子大小(2.4 vs. 13升)和桡足动物密度对n摄食的影响。cristatusStage C5。在相似的桡足动物密度(0.4 ind. L−1)下,在小瓶中进行的试验中,摄食率显著降低,因此,小瓶抑制了桡足动物的摄食。在大瓶实验中,摄食率在单个体处理中最高(1 ind. 13 L−1),随着桡足动物密度的增加(高达20 ind. 13 L−1),摄食率呈指数下降至最大摄食率的1%以下。在高桡足密度的处理中,个体初始猎物分配较低,出现了相当大的食物限制。此外,在单个体处理中,对裸纤毛虫(11-20 L ind. - 1d - 1)的清除率显著高于多个体处理。因此,在多个体处理中,食草动物与食草动物的相互作用干扰了桡足类动物对微型浮游动物的摄食。单个处理的摄食率(62-102μgC ind.−1d−1)超过了日代谢需氧量;因此,在以前的研究中注意到的摄食率被低估了,受瓶子大小和桡足动物相互干扰的影响。高效喂养n。cristatuson裸纤毛虫强调了纤毛虫-桡足类动物在亚北极太平洋放牧食物链中的重要性。
Despite ecological importance, the feeding ecology of the large calanoid copepod,Neocalanus cristatusis little known, as its ingestion rate under experimental conditions consistently falls short of its metabolic demand. The conventional incubation bottle size (~ 2 liters) used in previous studies may have affected its feeding behavior. Here, we examined the effect of bottle size (2.4 vs. 13liters) and copepod density on the feeding ofN. cristatusStage C5. Under similar copepod density (0.4 ind. L−1) ingestion rates decreased significantly for tests conducted in small bottles and thus, small bottles inhibited copepod feeding. In experiments with large bottles, ingestion rates were highest in the single‐individual treatments (1 ind. 13 L−1), decreasing exponentially to < 1% of the maximum ingestion rate with increasing copepod densities (up to 20 ind. 13 L−1). Considerable food limitation occurred in the higher copepod density treatments with lower initial prey allocation per individual. Moreover, in the single‐individual treatments, clearance rates on naked ciliates (11–20 L ind.−1d−1) were remarkably higher than in multiple‐individual treatments. Grazer–grazer interaction, thus, interfered with copepod feeding on microzooplankton in multiple‐individual treatments. The ingestion rate in the single‐individual treatments (62–102μgC ind.−1d−1) exceeded the daily metabolic requirement; feeding rates noted in previous studies were, thus, underestimations, affected by bottle size and copepod mutual interference. Efficient feeding byN. cristatuson naked ciliates emphasizes the importance of the ciliate‐copepod link in the grazing food chain in the subarctic Pacific.
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