The physical environment in Northern Greece at the advent of the Neolithic
The physical environment in Northern Greece at the advent of the Neolithic
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DOI：
10.1016/j.quaint.2016.08.034
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发表时间：
2018-12-10
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Karkanas, Panagiotis
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gkouma, Myrsini;Karkanas, Panagiotis
地中海东部从晚更新世到早全新世的过渡以海平面、地貌、生态和资源的突变为标志。这些新的地貌条件有利于形成对早期农民有吸引力的环境背景，同时也对晚更新世的考古记录产生了重大的挖掘影响。另一方面，在全新世早期，突如其来的8.2ka气候事件被记录为安纳托利亚和黎凡特地区的过度干旱时期，与明显的文化中断有关。与此同时，中欧记录到湿度和降温增加，而中间带具有季节性和变异性，其大小和空间表现尚不完全清楚。本文回顾了希腊北部晚更新世-全新世过渡时期的地貌形态和古气候记录，这是了解欧洲新石化化途径的关键位置。希腊北部在新石器时代早期有零碎的记录，在更新世-全新世过渡期间表现出显著的地貌变化，而在8.2ka事件中是过渡气候带的一部分。描述了景观布局，强调湿地作为农业开始的重要场所的作用，同时讨论了新石器化最初几个世纪的环境-文化相互作用，结合了第一批农民和最后一批狩猎-采集者的古环境、地层和年代学证据。(C)爱思唯尔有限公司出版的2016年。
The transition from the Late Pleistocene to the Early Holocene in the Eastern Mediterranean is marked by an abrupt change in sea levels, landforms, ecology and resources. These new geomorphological conditions favored the formation of attractive environmental settings for the early farmers, having at the same time a significant taphonomic impact on the archaeological record of the Late Pleistocene. During the Early Holocene, on the other hand, the abrupt climatic 8.2 ka event has been recorded as a period of hyperaridity in Anatolia and the Levant, associated with pronounced cultural discontinuities. At the same time, increasing humidity and cooling is documented in central Europe, while seasonality and variability characterizes the intermediate zones, whose magnitude and spatial expression are not yet fully understood. This article reviews the geomorphological configuration and palaeoclimatic records of the Late Pleistocene-Holocene transition in Northern Greece, a key location for understanding the pathways of neolithization in Europe. With its fragmentary Early Neolithic record, Northern Greece demonstrates significant geomorphological modifications during the Pleistocene-Holocene transition, while being part of the transitional climatic zone in the 8.2 ka event. The landscape configuration is described, emphasizing the role of wetlands as significant locales for the onset of agriculture, while the environmental-cultural interaction in the first centuries of the neolithization is discussed, combining the paleoenvironmental, stratigraphical and chronological evidence for the first farmers and last hunter-gatherers. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier Ltd.